Analisis Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) Aksesi Sengon (Falcataria falcata) Toleran dan Intoleran Terhadap Hama Boktor

Abstract

Sengon memiliki nilai lebih dari segi ekonomi maupun ekologi. Namun, sengon mudah terserang hama seperti larva boktor. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi pertumbuhan sengon di Kesatuan Pemangkuan Hutan (KPH) Kediri, menganalisis dan menguji hubungan marka SNPs dengan aksesi sengon toleran dan intoleran terhadap hama boktor. Sampel yang diuji berjumlah 40 aksesi, aksesi toleran (R28, R29, 230, R33, R47) dan intoleran (S13, S21, S22, S24, S25) dengan ulangan 4 aksesi tiap aksesi. Setiap sampel diuji menggunakan 4 primer SNPs dengan metode High-resolution Melting (HRM). Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Mann-whitney, uji khi-kuadrat, Manhattan plot, dan Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Nilai keparahan serangan pada aksesi toleran dan intoleran tidak berbeda nyata. Hasil analisis SNPs menunjukkan terdapat hubungan antara primer yang digunakan dengan sifat toleran sengon. Hasil visualisasi menunjukkan 4 primer tersebut mampu memisahkan aksesi sengon toleran dan intoleran, sehingga marka SNPs ini dapat digunakan untuk seleksi pohon toleran terhadap hama boktor.

Sengon has more value from an economic and ecological perspective. However, sengon is easily attacked by pests such as boktor larvae. The aim of this research was to evaluate the growth of sengon in Forest Management Unit (KPH) Kediri, analyze and test the relationship between SNPs markers and tolerant and intolerant sengon accessions to boktor pests. The samples tested consisted of 40 accessions, tolerant (R28, R29, 230, R33, R47) and intolerant (S13, S21, S22, S24, S25) with 4 replications for each accession. Each sample was tested using 4 SNPs primers using the High-resolution Melting (HRM) method. Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test, chi-square test, Manhattan plot, and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The attack severity values for tolerant and intolerant accessions were not significantly different. The results of the SNPs analysis showed there was a relationship between the primers used and the tolerant nature of sengon. The visualization results show that the 4 primers are able to separate tolerant and intolerant sengon accessions, so that these SNP markers can be used to select trees tolerant to boktor pests.