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      Keawetan Alami Tiga Generasi Kayu Mangium (Acacia mangium Willd.) Hasil Kegiatan Pemuliaan Pohon

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      Date
      2023
      Author
      Angelina, Aulia Septi
      Wahyudi, Imam
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      Abstract
      Pengembangan hutan tanaman, termasuk Hutan Tanaman Industri, selama ini belum mampu memenuhi kebutuhan bahan baku industri perkayuan di dalam negeri. Untuk mengatasi hal tersebut, Balai Besar Pengujian Standar Instrumen Kehutanan (BBPSIK), Yogyakarta melakukan kegiatan pemuliaan pohon mangium untuk meningkatkan laju pertumbuhannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keawetan alami tiga generasi kayu mangium hasil kegiatan pemuliaan pohon yaitu F0 (generasi pertama), F1 (generasi kedua) dan F2 (generasi ketiga) yang berumur 10 tahun dan mengidentifikasi jenis rayap penyerangnya. Pohon sampel berasal dari plot ukur permanen milik BBPSIK. Pengujian keawetan alami dilakukan di lapangan berdasarkan ASTM D 1758-06. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan keawetan alami ketiga generasi kayu mangium relatif sama meski F2 cenderung lebih baik dari F1 dan F0. Kelas awet ketiga generasi kayu mangium tersebut masih sama dengan kelas awet kayu mangium pada umumnya. Hal tersebut membuktikan teknik/metode pemuliaan pohon yang diaplikasikan tidak mengubah kualitas kayunya meski laju pertumbuhan pohon cenderung meningkat. Jenis rayap tanah yang menyerang adalah Macrotermes gilvus kasta prajurit mayor dan minor.
       
      The development of plantation forests, including Industrial Plantation Forests, has not been able to meet the demand for the domestic timber industries. To overcome this, the Center for Standard Testing of Forestry Instruments (BBPSIK), Yogyakarta has been carried out mangium tree breeding programs to increase the growth rate of the tree. This research aims to analyze the natural durability of three generations of mangium wood resulting from tree breeding activities, namely F0 (1 st generation), F1 (2 nd generation) and F2 (3 rd generation) which are 10 years old as well as to identify the termite species. The sample trees come from permanent plots belonging to BBPSIK. Natural durability testing is carried out in the field based on ASTM D 1758-06. The results show that natural durability of F0, F1 and F2 is similar even though the F2 tends to be better than F1 and F0. Durability class of all mangium woods studied was still the same as durability class of mangium wood in general. This proves that tree breeding techniques/methods applied do not change the natural durability of the wood even though the growth rate of the trees increased well. The subterranean termites species that attacked the wood samples are major and minor soldier castes of Macrotermes gilvus.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/126104
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