Karakteristik Biopelet Torefaksi Limbah Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit dengan Fortifikasi Kayu Kaliandra (Caliandra callothyrsus) dan Kayu Gamal (Gliricidia sepium)

Abstract

Biomassa dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif pengganti bahan bakar fossil. Pengembangan biomassa berfokus pada pengolahannya menjadi sumber energi terbarukan dengan kualitas tinggi. Salah satu teknik peningkatan mutu biomassa adalah dengan torefaksi, densifikasi, dan fortifikasi. Penelitian yang dilakukan bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik biopelet tandan kosong kelapa sawit dengan fortifikasi kayu gamal dan kaliandra dengan 3 taraf persentase penambahan (10, 20, 30 %). Biopelet yang dihasilkan memiliki kadar air (1,403 – 2,236%), kadar zat terbang (58,008 – 65,344%), karbon terikat (22,232 – 23,676%) dan nilai kalor(4229 – 4331 Kcal/kg) yang telah memenuhi standar DIN EN 14961-2. Kadar abu (10,814 – 17,119%), kerapatan (0,816 – 0,950 g/cm3), dan ketahanan biopelet (86,890 – 91,070 %) yang dihasilkan belum memenuhi standar DIN EN 14961-2. Proses torefaksi dan fortifikasi TKKS mampu menghasilkan produk biopelet terbaik berupa biopelet terfortifikasi kayu kaliandra dengan taraf 10%.

Biomass can be used as an alternative to fossil fuels. Biomass development focuses on processing it into a renewable energy source with high quality. One of the techniques to improve the quality of biomass is by torrefaction, densification and fortification. The aim of this study was to determine the characteristics of biopelet of empty oil palm fruit bunches with fortified gamal and calliandra wood with 3 percentage levels of addition (10, 20, 30 %). The resulting biopelets have moisture content (1.403 – 2.236%), volatile matter content (58.008 – 65.344%), bonded carbon (22.232 – 23.676%) and calorific value (4229 – 4331 Kcal/kg) which comply with DIN EN 14961- 2. Ash content (10.814 – 17.119%), density (0.816 – 0.950 g/cm3), and durability of the produced biopelets (86.890 – 91.070%) do not meet DIN EN 14961-2 standards. The torrefaction and fortification processes of OPEFB were able to produce the best biopelets in the form of calliandra wood fortified biopelets with a level of 10%.