Perencanaan Wisata Berbasis Masyarakat (Community-Based Tourism) di Kampung Adat Miduana, Kabupaten Cianjur

Abstract

Perencanaan wisata berbasis masyarakat menjadi suatu upaya dalam meminimalisir perubahan lingkungan, sosial, dan budaya Kampung Adat Miduana. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengidentifikasi struktur kelembagaan, potensi daya tarik wisata, persepsi dan preferensi masyarakat terhadap perencanaan wisata berbasis masyarakat. Data dikumpulkan dengan studi literatur, observasi terhadap potensi daya tarik wisata, wawancara, dan survei kuesioner dengan uji chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem kelembagaan di Kampung Adat Miduana terbagi menjadi dua sistem yaitu kelembagaan adat dan kelembagaan pemerintah. Kelembagaan adat memiliki tanggung jawab untuk menjaga tradisi dan kebudayaan Kampung Adat Miduana, sedangkan kelembagaan pemerintah memiliki tanggung jawab untuk menjaga kesejahteraan serta mengurus keperluan administrasi masyarakat. Terdapat potensi wisata budaya, alam, dan biologi di Kampung Adat Miduana. Responden sebagian besar ingin ikut berpartisipasi mengembangkan wisata. Uji chi-square menunjukkan adanya hubungan antara setiap pernyataan survei dengan karakteristik responden.

Community-based tourism planning is an effort in minimizing environmental, social, and cultural changes of the Miduana Traditional Village. Objective of this research is to identify the institutional structure and organization, potential tourist attractions, perceptions and preferences of the community of community-based tourism planning. Data was collected by conducting literature studies, observations on potential tourist attractions, interviews, and questionnaire surveys with chi-square test. Research results show that the institutional system in Miduana Traditional Village is divided into two systems, there are customary institutional and government institutions. Traditional institutions have the responsibility for maintaining the traditions and culture of the Miduana Traditional Village, while government institutions have the responsibility for maintaining the welfare and taking care of the administrative need of the community. There are natural, cultural, and biology potential tourism in Traditional Village Miduana. Most of the respondents wanted to participate in the developing tour. The chi-square test shows that there is a relationship between each statement survey with the characteristics of the respondents.