Faktor-Faktor yang Memengarahui Perubahan Perilaku Owa Jawa (Hylobates moloch, Audebert 1798) di Taman Margasatwa Ragunan Jakarta

Abstract

Owa jawa (Hylobates moloch Audebert, 1798) merupakan salah satu satwa dengan status konservasi Endangered menurut IUCN. Kegiatan konservasi di Pusat Primata Schmutzer Taman Margasatwa Ragunan salah satunya yaitu menangkarkan owa jawa. pandemi Covid-19 merupakan peristiwa yang memengaruhi dalam perilaku owa jawa namun belum ada data perilaku owa jawa setelah pandemi berakhir. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan perilaku owa jawa pascapandemi Covid-19, mengidentifikasi perbedaan perilaku owa jawa saat dan pascapandemi Covid-19, serta factor-faktor yang memengaruhi perilaku satwa tersebut. Metode pengambilan data perilaku dengan instantaneous scan sampling. Hasil data yang didapatkan pascapandemi Covid-19 terdapat 3 perilaku yang baru teramati saat pascapandemi Covid-19 yaitu berteduh, agonistik, dan seks. Frekuensi perilaku bergerak pascapandemi Covid-19 memiliki persentase tertinggi sedangkan saat pandemi Covid-19 perilaku istirahat memiliki frekuensi terbesar. Faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi perilaku owa jawa diantaranya luas kandang, cuaca, dan kehadiran pengunjung.

Javan gibbon (Hylobates moloch Audebert, 1798) is one of the animals with Endangered conservation status according to the IUCN. One of the conservation activities at the Schmutzer Primate Center, Ragunan Wildlife Park, is breeding the Javan gibbon. the Covid-19 pandemic was an event that affected the behavior of the Javan gibbon but there is no data on the behavior of the Javan gibbon after the pandemic ended. The purpose of this study was to describe the behavior of the Javan gibbon after the Covid-19 pandemic, to identify differences in the behavior of the Javan gibbon during and after the Covid-19 pandemic, as well as the factors that influenced the behavior of these animals. The research was conducted from January to March 2023 at TMR. Behavioral data collection method with instantaneous scan sampling. The results data obtained after the Covid-19 pandemic showed 3 new behaviors during the post-Covid-19 pandemic: shelter-seeking, agonistic and sex. The frequency of moving behavior after the Covid-19 pandemic had the highest percentage, while during the Covid-19 pandemic, the behavior of resting had the greatest frequency. Factors that influence the behavior of the Javan gibbon include the size of the cage, the weather, and the presence of visitors.