dc.description.abstract | Salah satu hal terpenting dalam aktivitas penambangan batubara dengan sistem
tambang terbuka adalah bagaimana melakukan reklamasi lahan dan mengembalikan agar
kelestarian lingkungan tetap terjaga. Reklamasi lahan pasca tambang merupakan bagian
dari perencanaan dan pelaksanaan kegiatan penambangan untuk memastikan agar upaya
perbaikan lahan-lahan yang terganggu oleh kegiatan pertambangan dapat dilaksanakan
secara efektif dan efisien dengan mempertimbangkan karakteristik kondisi fisik, kimia,
dan biologi tanah.
Sampai saat ini reklamasi yang telah dilakukan diduga belum ada yang berpihak
pada pembangunan kawasan pasca tambang batubara yang berkelanjutan dengan
menganut prinsip memanfaatkan, melindungi dan melestarikan lingkungan. Sementara
itu, pelaksanaan reklamasi yang dilakukan sampai saat ini sifatnya sekedar memenuhi
tuntutan prosedur yaitu hanya menjadikan reklamasi sebagai bagian dari persyaratan
pelaksanaan pertambangan batubara yang kebanyakan belum memadai. Kegiatan
reklamasi ini selain ditunjukan untuk memperbaiki sifat-sifat tanah, diharapkan juga akan
memperbaiki kualitas air permukaan di sekitar areal reklamasi. Oleh karena itu perlu
dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui kondisi air dan tanah di sekitar areal daerah
tersebut. Dengan penelitian ini, diharapkan menjadi acuan dalam pelaksanaan reklamasi
yang berkelanjutan. | id |
dc.description.abstract | Coal mining activities without reclamation will lead to environmental
degradation such as change of freshwater and soil qualities. Reclamation of post mining
land is part of the planning and implementation of mining activities to ensure that
repairing of lands affected by mining activities can be conducted effectively and
efficiently by improving the post mined soil conditions. This research was aimed to
analyze the qualities of river water around and soil in the mining area of PT Berau Coal
Binungan Site. Samples of river water were taken as many as 10 locations, whereas soil
samples were taken from soils of land after 0, 3, 6, and 9 years of reclamation and forest
soil. The results showed that some of the parameters of water such as temperature, pH,
DO, Fe, Mn, oils and fats, were below the grade I Quality Standard of Government
Regulation No. 82/ 2001. However, COD was above Grade III, while BOD was above
grade IV of the Quality Standard. These indicates that all the water sample were not
qualified as standart drinking water (grade I). Results of soil analysis indicated that
physical, chemical and biological of soil properties varied both due to the increase in
reclamation age and the heterogeneous nature of the soil materials. Properties including
BD, infiltration, aggregate stability, organic-C, and biological properties were improved
with increasing the age of reclamation approaching the properties of forest soil. Other
properties including pH, CEC, exchangeable bases, base saturation, available P,
available micro elements, and total S were varied due also to the heterogeneous nature of
the soil material. | id |