| dc.description.abstract | Sumatran orangutan
orangutans (Pongo abelii ) are one of the 25 critically endangered
species in the world, endemic to Indonesia. As opposed to orangutanorangutans in Borneo,
studies about population and conservation genetics of orangut an species in
Sumatra are still rare, although this species need needs more urgent attention due to its
small er population size and drastic habitat loss. This study was designdesigned to establish the Sumatran orangutan orangutans’ population genetics database database, using sample
co llections from almost all currently existing ha bitats. The study also combine combines the genetic information with its demographic historyhistory, to acknowledge their unique
population s, le leading to the species species’ taxonomic classification and conservation
units.
This st udy was dividedivided into three topics topics, using three genetic markers
(autosomal loci, hypervariable region I mitochondrial DNA and Y Y-chromosomechromosome), with different sample size sizes and methods approach. The genetic samples were
collected from nine sampling locations in Aceh and North Sumatra. In the first
studystudy, a combined analysis of the autosomal loci, evolutionary paternal and
maternal lineages with the genetic diversity pattern over populations is clarify ing
the Sumatran orangutan population genetics, defining the f our present population
habitathabitats in the wild. In the second study, private alleles of specific location
habitathabitats were observe observed using 28 autosomal loci to look up the allelic variation
within and between populations. In the last study, 52 diagnostic of singl single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were spe cified from 20 haplotypes using the
evolutionary matrilineal genetic marker as Sumatran orangutan populations “DNA
fingerprinting”fingerprinting”.
In general, t
his study aims to help establish ing the Sumatran orangutan
conservat ion units. A new taxonomic classification is recommendedrecommended, splitting
population s from the north and south of Lake Toba into two evolutionary
significant units (ESUs) or two subspecies , as well as specify ing three distinct
population segments (DPSs; one in t he south and two in the north area of Lake
Toba , the northern area of Lake Toba is divided by the large Alas River riverine
barrierbarrier). In addition, it is aiming to provide important information on specific
population s, to identify the origin of their indivi duals and to simplify the decision
making on the re re-introduction program s. It also addresses the requirements by the
“Strategi dan Rencana Aksi Konservasi Orangutan Indonesia periode 2007 2007-2017”
(Conservation Strategy and Action Plan of Indonesian Orangutan, period 2007 – 2017) | id |
