Faktor-Faktor Lingkungan Penentu Keanekaragaman Kupu-Kupu di Hutan Kota Srengseng, Jakarta Barat
Date
2023Author
Amalia, Edja Rasya
Ginoga, Lin Nuriah
Hermawan, Rachmad
Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
Faktor-faktor lingkungan penentu yang memengaruhi keanekaragaman
kupu-kupu di Hutan Kota Srengseng dapat menjadi informasi dasar pengelolaan
habitatnya. Penelitian bertujuan mengukur faktor lingkungan penentu (pakan
larva, pakan kupu-kupu, tumbuhan shelter, suhu, kelembapan, Leaf Area Index,
kecepatan angin, kebisingan, dan sumber air) serta menganalisis hubungannya
dengan keanekaragaman kupu-kupu. Mengukur keanekaragaman, kekayaan,
kemerataan, kesamaan, dominansi, menggambarkan sebaran spasial kupu-kupu
berdasarkan perbedaan kondisi biofisik tapak. Hasil penelitian menemukan area
depan dipengaruhi tumbuhan shelter, pakan kupu-kupu, pakan larva, kebisingan,
kecepatan angin, suhu. Area belakang dipengaruhi sumber air, kelembapan, LAI.
Area tengah tidak dipengaruhi faktor lingkungan apapun. Sebanyak 36 jenis kupukupu dari 5 famili ditemukan: Hesperiidae 3 jenis, Lycaenidae 8 jenis,
Nymphalidae 14 jenis, Papilionidae 5 jenis, Pieridae 6 jenis. Keanekaragaman dan
kekayaan jenis tertinggi diperoleh area depan (H’= 3,063; Dmg= 6,435),
kemerataan jenis tertinggi diperoleh area tengah (E= 0,664), kesamaan jenis
tertinggi diperoleh area tengah dan belakang (Sj= 0,62). Area depan merupakan
lokasi paling mendukung keanekaragaman kupu-kupu karena didukung faktor
tumbuhan pakan larva dan kupu-kupu, tumbuhan shelter, LAI, dan sumber air. Determinant environmental factors affecting butterfly diversity in Srengseng
City Forest could be used as information for its habitat management. Research
aimed to measure determinant factors (larval and butterfly foodplant, shelter plant,
temperature, humidity, Leaf Area Index, wind speed, noise, water sources) as well
as analyzing their relationship with butterfly diversity. Measure diversity,
richness, evenness, similarity, dominance and spatial distribution of butterfly
species based on site biophysical conditions differences. Results found front area
affected by shelter plants, butterfly and larval foodplants, noise, wind speed,
temperature. Back area affected by water source, humidity, LAI. Middle area was
not affected by any environmental factors. As many as 36 species of butterflies
from 5 families were found: Hesperiidae 3 species, Lycaenidae 8 species,
Nymphalidae 14 species, Papilionidae 5 species, Pieridae 6 species. Highest
diversity and richness in front area (H'= 3,063; Dmg= 6,435), highest evenness in
middle area (E= 0,664), highest similarity in middle and rear area (Sj= 0,62).
Front area supported butterfly diversity the most because it was supported by
foodplants for larvae and butterflies, shelter plants, LAI, and water source.