Peranan Bahan Organik Tahan Lapuk Limbah Ekstraksi Bromelin dan Batubara Muda pada Ketahanan Penetrasi Podsolik dan Regosol

Abstract

Pengolahan tanah secara intensif dapat menyebabkan terjadinya pemadatan tanah. Pemadatan tanah merupakan indikator penurunan kualitas tanah. Pemadatan tanah dapat diatasi dengan pemberian bahan organik. Pelapukan bahan organik yang cepat mengakibatkan kebutuhan bahan organik hanya akan terpenuhi di awal masa pertumbuhan. Untuk tanaman berumur panjang dengan kerapatan tinggi seperti nanas, penambahan bahan organik sulit dilakukan di tengah musim tanam. Dalam kasus seperti demikian perlu dilakukan pemberian bahan organik tahan lapuk diantaranya adalah limbah ekstraksi bromelin asal bonggol nanas dan batubara muda. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui ketahanan penetrasi pada jenis tanah yang memiliki kelas tekstur berbeda akibat pemberian bahan organik tahan lapuk limbah ekstraksi bromelin asal bonggol nanas dan batubara muda. Parameter yang diamati adalah paramater terkait kepadatan tanah yaitu ketahan penetrasi. Penelitian dilakukan di rumah kaca dengan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap tiga faktor, yaitu dua jenis tanah, dua jenis bahan organik, dan lima dosis bahan organik. Sebaran nilai ketahanan penetrasi Podsolik dan Regosol pada bulan pertama berkisar 0–0.46 kg/cm2 , pada bulan ketiga berkisar 0.46–0.79 kg/cm2 , dan bulan kelima berkisar antara 0.58–0.88 kg/cm2 . Perlakuan limbah ekstraksi bromelin asal bonggol nanas dan batubara muda belum memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap ketahanan penetrasi pada Podsolik dan Regosol selama lima bulan inkubasi.

Intensive tillage seems to be more crucial in causing soil compaction. Soil compaction can be overcomed by adding organic matter. The rapid weathering of organic matter results in the need for organic matter application at the very beginning of the growth season. The addition of organic matter is difficult to be applied in the middle of the growing season for high density perennial plants, such as pineapple. In such cases, it is necessary to apply a weather-resistant organic matter, namely pineapple based bromelain extraction waste and brown coal. The aim of this study was to determine the penetration resistance of soil on different texture classes due to the application of weather-resistant organic matter pineapple based bromelain extraction waste and brown coal. The parameter observed ware related to soil density i.e. penetration resistance. The study was conducted in a greenhouse using a completely randomized design with three factors, namely two types of soil, two types of organic matter, and five doses of organic matter. The result showed that the penetrability values of Podzolic and Regosol soils in the first month of application ranged from 0–0.46 kg/cm2 , in the third month of application it ranged from 0.46–0.79 kg/cm2 , and in the fifth month of application it ranged from 0.58–0.88 kg/cm2 . Treatment of pineapple based bromelain extraction waste and brown coal had no significant effect on the penetration resistance of Podzolic and Regosol during five months of incubation.