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      Pengaruh Tiametoksam dan Fipronil terhadap Ketertarikan dan Mortalitas Lebah Penyerbuk Tetragonula laeviceps Smith (Apidae: Meliponini)

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      Date
      2023
      Author
      Kusdiandini, Nabila Ragilia
      Mubin, Nadzirum
      Hidayat, Purnama
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      Abstract
      Colony collapse disorder (CCD) merupakan fenomena penurunan populasi lebah madu secara global pada beberapa dekade terakhir. Fenomena ini menyebabkan kematian massal individu lebah pada koloni lebah dan diduga disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor, salah satunya yaitu penggunaan pestisida dari golongan neonicotinoid dan golongan lain yang diketahui berpengaruh terhadap serangga penyerbuk. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh insektisida berbahan aktif Tiametoksam dan Fipronil terhadap Tetragonula laeviceps. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode uji ketertarikan, uji aplikasi topikal, uji oral exposure serta uji efek residu insektisida Tiametoksam (250 ppm) dan Fipronil (50 ppm) terhadap T. laeviceps. Berdasarkan hasil uji ketertarikan, baik insektisida Tiametoksam dan Fipronil tidak menunjukkan ketertarikan yang signifikan terhadap T. laeviceps (p-value = 0,51). Konsentrasi anjuran Tiametoksam (250 ppm) bersifat 25 kali lipat lebih berbahaya dibandingkan dengan nilai LC50 hasil pengujian (10,146 ppm) (rerata ketiga metode pengujian), sedangkan konsentrasi anjuran Fipronil (50 ppm) 100 kali lipat lebih berbahaya dibandingkan dengan nilai LC50 hasil pengujian (0454 ppm) (rerata ketiga metode pengujian) terhadap T. laeviceps. Metode oral exposure menunjukkan mortalitas yang tinggi pada konsentrasi yang lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan metode aplikasi topikal dan efek residu pada kedua bahan aktif. insektisida. Nilai LD50 Fipronil (0,402 ng/lebah) lebih mematikan dibandingkan dengan Tiametoksam (0,979 ng/lebah) pada metode aplikasi topikal.
       
      The colony collapse disorder (CCD) is a phenomenon of a global decline of the honeybee population in the last few decades. This phenomenon causes the mass death of individual bees in a bee colony and is thought to be caused by several factors, such as the use of neonicotinoid pesticides and other groups known to affect pollinating insects. This study aimed to determine the effect of insecticides with active ingredients Thiamethoxam and Fipronil on the insect pollinator, Tetragonula laeviceps. The methods used were the attractiveness test method, topical application, oral exposure, and residual effect of Thiamethoxam (250 ppm) and Fipronil (50 ppm) insecticides to T. laeviceps. Based on the results of the attractiveness test, both Thiamethoxam and Fipronil did not show significant interest in T. laeviceps (p-value = 0.51). The recommended concentration of Thiamethoxam was 25 times more dangerous than the LC50 value of the test results (10.146 ppm) (average of three test methods), while the recommended concentration of Fipronil (50 ppm) was 100 times more dangerous than the LC50 value of the test results (0.454 ppm) (average of three test methods) on T. laeviceps. The oral exposure method showed higher mortality at lower concentrations than the topical application method and residual effect method on both active ingredients insecticides. The LD50 value Fipronil (0.402 ng/bee) was more lethal than Thiamethoxam (0.979 ng/bee) in the topical application method.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/116194
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