Variasi Radial Sifat Kayu Puspa Hutan Tanaman serta Transisi Kayu Juvenil dan Kayu Dewasanya
Abstract
Karakteristik dan keseragaman mutu kayu dalam sepotong sortimen (kayu
gergajian) sangat mempengaruhi tujuan akhir penggunaan dan mutu produk yang
akan dihasilkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis variasi radial beberapa
sifat kayu puspa hasil hutan tanaman umur 56 tahun dan mengevaluasi keseragaman
mutunya dalam sebatang pohon. Sifat yang diteliti terdiri dari kerapatan kayu,
panjang serat dan sudut mikrofibril (MFA), sedangkan keseragaman mutu kayu
dievaluasi berdasarkan keberadaan kayu juvenil dan kayu dewasa. Kerapatan kayu
diukur secara gravimetris, panjang serat melalui sediaan maserasi, sedangkan MFA
melalui sediaan mikrotom. Transisi kayu juvenil dan kayu dewasa ditetapkan secara
visual berdasarkan variasi radial nilai ketiga parameter yang diteliti dari empulur
ke kulit. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa kerapatan, panjang serat dan MFA
kayu puspa bervariasi dari empulur ke kulit. Rata-rata nilai kerapatan kayu adalah
0,76 g/cm3
, panjang serat 1328 μm dan rata-rata MFA 43,04⁰. Meskipun transisi
kayu juvenil dan kayu dewasa belum dapat dipastikan keberadaannya, namun
periode pembentukan kayu juvenil akan berakhir pada segmen ke-4 atau 8 cm dari
empulur.
Kata kunci: Juvenilitas, kerapatan kayu, panjang serat, Schima wallichii, sudut
mikrofibril The characteristics and uniformity of wood quality in a piece of sortimen greatly
influence the final use and the quality of the product to be made. This study aims to
analyze the radial variation of several properties of 56-year-old puspa wood from
plantation forest, and to evaluate the uniformity of wood quality within a single
tree. The properties studied consisted of wood density, fiber length and microfibril
angle (MFA), while the uniformity of wood quality was evaluated based on the
presence of juvenile and mature wood. Wood density was measured
gravimetrically, fiber length through maceration specimens, while MFA through
microtome specimens. Juvenile-mature wood transition was determined visually
based on radial variation of the three parameters studied. The results showed that
density, fiber length and MFA of puspa wood varied from pith to the bark. The
average wood density is 0,76 g/cm3
, fiber length is 1328 μm and the MFA is 43,04⁰.
Although the transition between juvenile and mature wood is still unknown, it is
certain that juvenile wood formation period will end at the 4th segment or 8 cm from
the pith.
Kata kunci: Fiber-length, juvenility, microfibril angle, Schima wallichii, wood
density.
Collections
- UT - Forestry Products [2376]