Karakterisasi Khamir Proteolitik Asal Tambak Udang

Abstract

Khamir merupakan cendawan uniseluler bersifat kemoorganotrof yang menempati berbagai habitat termasuk di tambak udang. Khamir menghasilkan berbagai enzim hidrolitik penting seperti fosfatase, lipase, amilase, dan protease, sehingga memiliki potensi aplikasi di berbagai bidang, termasuk di bududaya udang. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mendapatkan dan mengkarakterisasi khamir yang diisolasi dari sedimen dan air tambak udang. Sebanyak 20 sampel yang terdiri dari 4 sampel sedimen dan 16 sampel air tambak udang berhasil dikumpulkan dari tambak udang di Balai Latihan Usaha Produksi Perikanan Budidaya (BLUPPB) Karawang, Jawa Barat, Indonesia. Sebanyak 19 isolat khamir berhasil diisolasi yang teridiri dari 7 isolat diisolasi dari sedimen tambak dan 12 isolat dari air tambak. Tiga isolat yang memiliki aktivitas proteolitik terbaik adalah isolat K8B, K4B dan SK6U2a dengan indeks proteolitik (IP) masing-masing sebesar 1,86, 1,67, dan 1,53. Laju pertumbuhan spesifik dan waktu generasi yang ditumbuhkan pada media PDB pada suhu ruang (28OC) adalah 0,172 jam-1 dan 4,035 jam untuk isolate K8B; 0,329 jam-1 dan 2,107 jam untuk isolate K4B; dan 0,300 jam-1 dan 2,307 jam untuk isolate SK6U2a. Berdasarkan karakteristik morfologi dan biokimianya, isolat K8B dan K4B diduga merupakan Genus Candida, isolat K8B diduga merupakan Candida tropicalis dan K4B diduga merupakan Candida freychussi.

Yeast is a chemoorganotrophic unicellular fungus that occupies various habitats including in shrimp ponds. Yeast produces various important hydrolytic enzymes such as phosphatase, lipase, amylase, and protease, so it has potential applications in various fields, including in shrimp culture. This research was conducted to obtain and characterize yeast isolated from sediment and shrimp pond water. A total of 20 samples consisting of 4 samples of sediment and 16 samples of shrimp pond water were collected from shrimp ponds at Balai Latihan Usaha Produksi Perikanan Budidaya (BLUPPB) Karawang, West Java, Inddonesia. A total of 19 yeast isolates were isolated, consisting of 7 isolates isolated from pond sediments and 12 isolates from pond water. The three isolates that had the best proteolytic activity were isolates K8B, K4B and SK6U2a with proteolytic indexes (IP) of 1.86, 1.67, and 1.53, respectively. Specific growth rates and doubling times grown on PDB medium at room temperature (28oC) were 0.172 hours-1 and 4.035 hours for isolate K8B; 0.329 hours-1 and 2.107 hours for K4B isolates; and 0.300 hr-1 and 2.307 hr for isolate SK6U2a, respectively. Based on their morphological and biochemical characteristics, K8B and K4B isolates were thought to be the genus of Candida, where K8B isolate were thought to be Candida tropicalis and K4B were thought to be Candida freychussi.