| dc.description.abstract | Phanerochaete chrysosporium L1 dan Pleurotus EB9 are types of white rot fungi that originate from Basidiomycetes class. Both of them are potential wood putrefying fungis that can be used fir pulp industry. Pleurotus has an ability to degradise lignoselulose materials efficiently. Today, the pulp and paper industry uses chlorin for bleaching which is environmentally harmful. To decrease the usage of chlorin in bleaching process in pulp and paper industry, fungis are used which generally termed as biobleaching. The purpose of this research is to find out the potenstials of P. chrysosporium L1 and Pleurotus EB9 as biobleaching agents of used cardboard pulp to kappa numbers, lignin degrees, and to determine cardboard pulp’s physical characteristics. This research was conducted by increasing the number of inocolums of P. chrysosporium L1 dan Pleurotus EB9 in gelatin (PDA) and liquid media (MEL) in polypropylene bottle that has been incubated for 7 days (25ºC). 25 grams of pulp (Oven dry) were inserted to a polypropylene bottle and sterilized in autoclave for 15 minutes (121ºC, 1 atm). Next, the pulp was inoculated with both types of fungis about 50 ml, and it was stirred evenly. Then, it was incubated for 5, 10, and 15 days. After the incubation period, the degradation level, decomposition rate, and pH were counted by subtracting 2 grams of pulp which were added with 25 ml of distilled water, and stirred for about 2 minutes with magnetic styrer. The filtrate liquid was measured with pH-meter (25 C). Enzymes activity testing was checked by using 1 gr of pulp added with 4 ml of pH 7 buffer phosphate which were evenly grinded into cold water basin. Then it was filtered. The filtration solution was put into eppendorf 1,5 ml and centrifuged for 10 minutes (4 C, 10.000 rpm). Supernatant was taken for LiP enzyme axtivity testing which was measured based on alcohol veratril reaction with amplitude 310 nm. And, MnP enzyme was measured based on guaiacol reaction with amplitude 456 nm. Kappa numeral and pulp were tested with TAPPI no. T236 cm-85 method, and physical characteristics were included Tensile Strength (TAPPI no. T404 os- 74), Tearing Strength (TAPPI no. T414 ts-65), Ring Crush (TAPPI no. 818 os-76, and Brusting Strength (TAPPI Standard). The results showed that P. chrysosporium L1 had the best growth in the fifth day of incubation period with pH 4,95, and Pleurotus EB9 has the best growth in the tenth day with pH 5,00. Dry pulp weight decrease percentage by Pleurotus EB9 isolate was 16,4 % in average, and on treatment with P. chrysosporium L1 the average percentage was about 6,43% on the fifteenth day of incubation. P. chrysosporium L1 had 0,37% of gradation level and decomposition rate of 0,0066 grams/day on the fifteenth day of incubation. Pleurotus EB9 had degradation level of 0,65 % and decomposition rate of 0,0119 grams/day on the fifteenth day of incubation period. P. chrysosporium L1 had the highest LiP enzyme activity on the tenth day of incubation period (0,311 U/ml), and MnP enzyme activity on the fifth day (0,734 U/ml). Pleurotus EB9 showed no activity of LiP enzyme, while the highest MnP enzyme activity was detected on the fifth day of the incubation period (0,409 U/ml). Control used cardboard kappa numeral was 41,38. The treatment with P. chrysosporium isolate decreased the kappa numeral of 41,24 on the fifth day of incubation. Pleurotus EB9 isolate decreased the kappa numeral of 39,19 on the tenth day. The treatments on used cardboards by using P. chrysosporium L1 and Pleurotus EB9 isolates can decrease the physical characteristics of used cardboard paper. Strength paper of pulp is the best in yield by P. chrysosporium L1 treatment fungi and Pleurotus EB9 treatment fungi on the fifth day of incubation. P. chrysosporium L1 is yielding strength paper of pulp in the form of 1). Breaking Length equal to 4,74 Km; 2). Tearing Factor equal to 102,01 Nm2/kg; 3). Brusting Factor equal to 3,61 kPa m2/g and 4). Ring Crush equal to 12,61 Kgf. Pleurotus EB9 is yielding strength paper of pulp in the form of 1). Breaking Length equal to 4,56 Km; 2). Tearing Factor equal to 102,25 Nm2/kg; 3). Brusting Factor equal to 3,52 kPa m2/g and 4). Ring Crush equal to 11,77 Kgf. Based on the parameters above, P. chrysosporium L1 isolate shows the potential to be a used cardboard pulp biobleachong agent with incubation period of five days. And so do, treatments with Pleurotus EB9 isolate also shows the same results with incubation period of five days. Keywords : White rot fungi, P. chrysosporium L1, Pleurotus EB9, Used cardboard pulp, Biobleaching. | id |
