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      Peranan Tetragonula laeviceps (Apidae: Meliponinae) dalam Penyerbukan Tanaman Stroberi (Fragaria x ananassa) dan Potensi Nilai Ekonominya

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      Date
      2022-06
      Author
      Alyustina, Elva Tiara
      Nurmansyah, Ali
      Sartiami, Dewi
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      Abstract
      Tanaman stroberi merupakan jenis tanaman buah yang memiliki nilai ekonomi tinggi dan berpotensi dibudidayakan di Indonesia. Tingkat produktivitas tanaman stroberi sangat bergantung pada tingkat terbentuknya buah, salah satunya dipengaruhi oleh penyerbukan serangga penyerbuk seperti lebah tanpa sengat. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan peranan lebah Tetragonula laeviceps dalam penyerbukan tanaman stroberi dan menentukan nilai ekonomi penyerbukannya. Percobaan dilakukan di sebuah lahan tertutup menggunakan 4 perlakuan penyerbukan yang diulang sebanyak 6 kali. Perlakuan meliputi kontrol (K), penyerbukan dengan T. laeviceps (T), penyerbukan dengan T. laeviceps + aplikasi pestisida (TP), dan penyerbukan terbuka + T. laeviceps (T+). Peubah yang diamati meliputi aktivitas lebah, jumlah bunga dan buah terbentuk, bobot dan karakter buah, dan efisiensi polinasi. Nilai ekonomi dihitung dengan EVP (economic valuation of pollination services). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peranan T. laeviceps dalam penyerbukan belum terlihat dapat meningkatkan produksi buah secara nyata namun masih dapat meningkatkan keuntungan usaha tani. Nilai ekonomi penyerbukan oleh T. laeviceps pada pertanaman stroberi sebesar Rp 11,69 juta/ha/tahun. Penggunaan pestisida sintetis dapat mengurangi aktivitas kunjungan T. laeviceps pada tanaman stroberi.
       
      The Strawberry crop is a type of fruit crop with a high economic value and is potentially cultivated in Indonesia. The level of productivity of strawberries is highly depend on the level of the fruit set, which is influenced by pollination by insect pollinators like stingless bees. This study was carried out to determine the role of T. laeviceps and their influence on the productivity of strawberry fruits and determine the economic value of pollination on the strawberries crop. The field experiments were carried out using 4 pollination treatments repeated 6 times. Treatment includes self-pollination (K), treatment with the assistance of T. laeviceps (T), treatment with the assistance of T. laeviceps and use of pesticides (TP), the treatment with the assistance of T. laeviceps with open pollination. The observed variables were bee activities, number of flowers and fruit set, fruit weight and the character, and pollination efficiency. The results showed the role of T. laeviceps in pollinated strawberry crops did not significantly increase production but can still increase farm profits. The economic value of pollination by T. laeviceps on strawberry crops was Rp 11.69 million/ha/year. The use of synthetic pesticides could reduce the activity of T. laeviceps visits on strawberry crops.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/112107
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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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