| dc.description.abstract | Corn is the most important food crop commodity after rice and ranks third in the world the most widely cultivated, thus contributing quite a lot to gross regional domestic product (PDRB). Corn plants are very potentially developed in addition to being a substitute material of rice also contains carbohydrates, calories, and proteins, and is very beneficial for food, feed, and industrial raw materials. The needs and demand for corn continue to increase, especially in the feed industry as well as the food and beverage industry. But on the other hand, the availability of corn is still very limited, one of the causes is that the lace productivity of corn and planting area is also still limited. The low productivity of corn cannot be separated from several factors including the influence of climate change that causes changes in rain patterns and the beginning of the rainy season that has an impact on limited water availability that causes harmony. In addition, the area of agricultural land is still limited because it is predominantly developed in wetlands, which in fact continue to decrease due to conversion for buildings and infrastructure. Dryland is one of the potential lands because the area is quite large, which is 144.5 million ha, but not optimal utilization. This is because dry land is faced with several limiting factors including low land fertility rates, limited water availability, and easily degraded during the rainy season. Efforts in optimizing dry land use, including increasing adaptation power through efficient water utilization according to crop needs, improvement of soil nutrients, and land processing as small as possible to avoid land degradation (erosion). One fairly representative approach to be applied to dry land is the application of the concept of "Climate-Smart Agricultural System" (SPCI) or Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA), and more familiar with its main pillars that are simple and conservative-based, and location-specific, among others (1) increasing adaptation to climate change, one of which is the efficient use of water (2) to improve mitigation. through conservation-based agriculture, including the processing of land as small as possible such as planting holes and the use of organic fertilizers, as a planting medium in planting holes (3) sustainable farming (4) to raise the productivity and income of farmers. East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) is one of the eastern parts of Indonesia known as dry climate dry land. The limitation of NTT's dry land is the limited availability of water because it depends only on rainfall, while the rainfall is only 1,500 mm / year and lasts 3-4 months and the rain is erratic, which is characterized as non-continuous and often disappears 5-7 days after daily rain. This research aims to (1) Implement the concept of SPCI / CSA at the farmer level through the use of natural resources to increase land productivity and crop production and increase water use efficiency, (2) to promote the effect of implementing the SPCI / CSA concept in increasing land and corn productivity, (3) Analyze farmers' income through the concept of SPCI / CSA on dry land dry climate. This research was conducted on the land of the camplong village farming group, Fatuleo Subdistrict, Kupang-NTT Regency, in July-November 2019 to coincide with the peak of the dry season, and January - April 2020 with the rainy season. The materials used include: Lamuru corn seeds (10 kg / ha), cow fertilizer dung cage 5 kg / planting hole or 10 tons / 1,400 planting holes, rice husk charcoal as much as 1.5 kg / planting hole or 3 tons / 1,440 planting holes. In addition, supporting tools include: 1) climatology element measuring devices (temperature, humidity, solar radiation, humidity, wind speed, rainfall, and wind direction), 2) Portable soil temperature gauges and soil moisture to determine the microclimate of the soil, 3) Digital scales, 4) Dryer oven, 5) Avometer, 6) Plant sprinklers "Tirta Mini", 7) Sample rings and drillers for soil samples. Research stages include: (1) determination of location, collection of climate data and soil data at the research site as basic data in determining the level of plant water needs, (2) setting land-based on research design, (3) conservation-based land processing including the processing of land as small as possible in the form of planting holes, (4) field experiments based on the design in the form of split plots with plots mainly are the provision of manure and rice husk charcoal as a medium of planting corn and plot children in the form of leaf pruning, (5) measurement of agronomy of crops, production, and analysis of water use efficiency using the FAO 56 bulletin approach and analysis corn farming with climate-smart agricultural systems on dry land dry climate. The results showed that the application of the SPCI / CSA concept through the use of a planting hole system in which inputted organic matter and rice husk charcoal can be optimized for dry land use of dry climate. This is characterized by the achievement of efficient water utilization and the achievement of increased productivity. In detail outlined the efficiency in two seasons, including the dry season and the rainy season. While the calculation of production uses the weight of tiles. The results showed that water efficiency was achieved in both the dry season and the rainy season by 75% when compared to conventional techniques or there was a water-saving of 2,339.7 m3 / ha / growing season in the dry season and 3,119.6 m3 / ha / growing season in the rainy season. While the productivity of corn in the dry season amounted to 2.1 tons/ha in the treatment of a combination of organic fertilizers mixed with rice husk charcoal that has been trimmed leaves. Similarly, corn productivity achieved in the rainy season is 7 tons/ha in the treatment of a combination of kendang fertilizer with rice husk charcoal and followed by leaf pruning treatment. The implications of saving water can be utilized for the addition of planting area by 3 ha / growing season. | id |
