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      Analisis Spasial Evapotranspirasi di Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit Menggunakan Model METRIC

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      Date
      2022
      Author
      Dhohir, Nur Muhammad Abdul
      June, Tania
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      Abstract
      Estimasi Evapotranspirasi (ET) di perkebunan kelapa sawit menjadi penting untuk dilakukan agar mendapatkan informasi terkait kehilangan air dari permukaan (evaporasi) dan tanaman (transpirasi). Dewasa ini, beberapa model keseimbangan energi untuk mengestimasi ET telah banyak dikembangkan tidak hanya dalam analisis secara temporal tetapi juga dapat menentukan distribusi spasial evapotranspirasi. Tujuan utama penelitian ini yaitu dapat mengestimasi dan menentukan distribusi spasial evapotranspirasi berbagai umur tanaman menggunakan model Mapping Evapotranspiration at High Resolution with Internalized Calibration (METRIC) di perkebunan kelapa sawit PT. Teladan Prima Agro (TPA), Kalimantan Timur. Analisis pada penelitian ini menggunakan data citra satelit Landsat-8 (OLI/TIRS) dan data cuaca yang diperoleh dari data ERA-5 Reanalysis. Parameter permukaan yang perlu diperhitungkan yaitu Normalized Different Vegetation Index (NDVI), suhu permukaan, albedo permukaan, emisivitas, panjang kekasapan, radiasi netto (Rn), fluks bahang tanah (G), fluks bahang terasa (H), dan fluks bahang laten (LE) sehingga diperoleh nilai evapotranspirasi harian pada wilayah kajian. Hasil menunjukkan nilai evapotranspirasi tanaman kelapa sawit dewasa 30% lebih tinggi dibandingkan tanaman yang masih muda. Tanpa seleksi pada cold dan hot pixel menunjukkan nilai evapotranspirasi yang berbeda nyata (P-value < 0.05). Nilai koefisien determinasi yang diperoleh dengan seleksi piksel lebih tinggi dibandingkan tanpa seleksi piksel antara evapotranspirasi yang diestimasi dengan evapotranspirasi dari Earth Engine Flux (EEFLUX) dan metode Penman-Monteith FAO 56. Selain itu, nilai LE-H menunjukkan kondisi permukaan perkebunan tanaman kelapa sawit yang lebih kering pada tahun 2015 dan konvergensi energi yang terjadi pada akuisisi citra tahun 2020. Kata kunci : evapotranspirasi, Landsat-8, neraca energi, penginderaan jauh, model METRIC
       
      Estimation of Evapotranspiration (ET) in oil palm plantations is crucial to conduct to obtain water loss information from a surface (evaporation) and plants (transpiration). At present time, energy balances models have been developed not only need for temporal analysis, but also for determining the spatial distribution of evapotranspiration. The research objective is to determine and estimate the spatial distribution of evapotranspiration at various oil palm ages using the Mapping Evapotranspiration at High Resolution with Internalized Calibration (METRIC) model in PT. Teladan Prima Agro (TPA), East Kalimantan. Landsat 8 imagery and climate data obtained from ERA-5 Reanalysis are used in this research. We calculated Normalized Different Vegetation Index (NDVI), land surface temperature (Ts), surface albedo, emissivity, and roughness length. Thereafter, energy balance components viz. net radiation (Rn), ground heat flux (G), sensible heat flux (H), and latent heat flux (LE) are used to estimate the daily evapotranspiration of oil palms. Results show evapotranspiration in mature oil palms is 30% greater than in young oil palms. Evapotranspiration with and without selection shows a significant difference (P-value < 0.05). Result also shows the coefficient of determination value with pixel selection higher than without pixel selection between estimated evapotranspiration, Earth Engine Flux (EEFLUX) and Penman-Monteith FAO 56 method. In addition, LE-H values show more drier conditions in oil palm surface in 2015 and energy convergence occurring at acquisition imagery in 2020. Keywords : evapotranspiration, energy balance, Landsat-8, remote sensing, METRIC model
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/111662
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      • UT - Geophysics and Meteorology [1718]

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