| dc.description.abstract | Chitosan is a natural polymer that can be used as a wound dressing material.
Chitosan has intrinsic properties, such as biocompatibility, non-toxic, hemostatic,
biodegradable, and has antibacterial activity. However, chitosan has less elasticity
and rigid properties. Therefore, chitosan needs to be combined with other materials
in order to increase its elasticity, one of which is the addition of polyvinyl alcohol
(PVA). Antibacterial properties of the composite needs to be enhanced. It can be
done by adding leaves extracts with antibacterial activities such as green grass jelly
leaf (Cyclea barbarta M.) and moringa leaves (Moringa oleifera L.). The
antibacterial content of green grass jelly and moringa leaves can be developed as
additional ingredients in making wound dressing membranes. The purpose of the
research was to developed the chitosan-PVA membrane with the addition of green
grass jelly leaf extract and moringa leaves to increase the antibacterial activity of
the membranes that have potential as a wound dressing; and evaluate the membrane
mechanical properties.
Green grass jelly and moringa leaves were extracted with 96% ethanol by the
maceration method. Green grass jelly and moringa leaf extracts were tested for
phytochemical metabolites and antibacterial activities. The results of
phytochemical testing of both extracts showed the presence of alkaloids,
flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and phenols, while the triterpenoid test showed
negative results. Combines green grass jelly and moringa leaf extracts in a ratio of
75:25, 50:50 and 25:75 were tested by disc diffusion methods against
Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The highest inhibition zone was
produced by extracts with a ratio of 50:50 against S. aureus dan E. coli, 13,00 mm
and 7,00 mm, respectively. The ratio of green grass jelly leaf extract and moringa
leaf (50:50) with the highest antibacterial activity was added to chitosan-PVA
membrane with a ratio of 5:5, 6:4 and 7:3. Each membrane was tested for
antibacterial activity. Antibacterial activities in the membran of 7:3 with extracts
had a larger area of inhibition against S. aureus dan E. coli compared to membrane
without extract.
The membrane's mechanical performance were performed for its density,
tensile strength, elongation, and water vapor permeability. The density and water
vapor permeability test results showed that the membrane with the addition of
extract had better results compored to membrane without the addition of extract.
Mechanically, adding extract decreased the tensile strength and elongation
membrane, 80,20% elongation and 13,77 MPa tensile strength, but still included in
the medical material standard, elongation value of 17-207% and tensile strength of
1-24 MPa. The membrane with best performance further analyzed with Fourier
Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).
Characterization by FTIR showed chitosan-PVA membrane with extract the N-H
group has a peak with two wave numbers at 1564 and 1554 cm-1
this is expressed as amide overlapping with amine and protonated amine, while the SEM
characterization on the membrane with the addition of the extract was quite homogeneous because the distribution of the extract on the surface was quite even. The membrane with the addition of extract showed the best results, based on the antibacterial activity test results from the alloy membrane characterization. | id |
