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      Kesesuaian Agroklimat Tanaman Kopi Liberika (Coffea liberica) pada Lahan Gambut di Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Timur

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      Date
      2021
      Author
      Lestari, Melani Laela
      Salmayenti, Resti
      June, Tania
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      Abstract
      Tanaman kopi liberika merupakan salah satu tanaman pertanian yang dapat beradaptasi dengan baik di lahan gambut. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kondisi iklim dan mengidentifikasi daerah-daerah pada lahan gambut di Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Timur yang berpotensi untuk pengembangan komoditas kopi liberika berdasarkan kesesuaian agroklimat. Kesesuaian lahan dievaluasi berdasarkan faktor iklim (curah hujan, suhu udara) dan kondisi tanah (tekstur tanah, kemiringan lahan, pH, kejenuhan basa, KTK, ketebalan gambut, kematangan gambut), kemudian mencocokkan (matching) dengan kriteria kesesuaian tanaman kopi liberika. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Timur memiliki curah hujan rata-rata tahunan 2.102 – 2.778 mm dan suhu rata-rata tahunan 26,4 – 26,9°C. Terdapat dua kelas kesesuaian agroklimat untuk tanaman kopi liberika, yaitu kelas S3 (sesuai marjinal) dan kelas N (tidak sesuai) dengan faktor pembatas berupa ketebalan gambut dan kemiringan lahan. Kelas S3 memiliki luasan tertinggi, yaitu 64.798 ha (51,32%) dan kelas N seluas 61.456 ha (48,58%). Secara teoritis, wilayah yang memiliki kelas kesesuaian S3 masih dimungkinkan untuk pengembangan tanaman kopi liberika, namun membutuhkan masukan (input) tertentu untuk mengatasi faktor pembatasnya.
       
      Liberica coffee is one of the agricultural crops that well adapted to peatlands. This study aimed to identify climatic conditions and identify areas on peatlands in East Tanjung Jabung Regency that have the potential for the development of liberica coffee commodities based on agro-climate suitability. The suitability is evaluated based on climatic factors (rainfall, air temperature) and soil conditions (soil texture, slope, pH, base saturation, CEC, peat depth, peat maturity), then matched with the criteria for suitability of liberica coffee plants. The results of this study indicate that East Tanjung Jabung Regency has an annual average rainfall of 2.102-2.778 mm and an annual average temperature of 26,4 – 26,9°C. There are two classes of agro-climate suitability for liberica coffee plants, namely the S3 class (marginally suitable) and the N class (not suitable) with peat thickness and slope as the limiting factors. The S3 class has the highest area, which is 64.798 ha (51,32%) and the N class has area of 61.456 ha (48,58%). Theoretically, the S3 class is possible for the development of liberica coffee plants but requires certain inputs to overcome the limiting factors.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/109852
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      • UT - Geophysics and Meteorology [1719]

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