Pendugaan Biomassa, Karbon dan Serapan Karbon Dioksida Empat Jenis Tegakan di Hutan Pendidikan Gunung Walat

Abstract

Hutan memiliki peranan penting dalam pengendalian pemanasan global dengan menyerap karbon dioksida (CO2) di atmosfer dan menyimpan karbon dalam bentuk biomassa hutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menduga biomassa, simpanan karbon dan serapan karbon dioksida (CO2) pada empat jenis tegakan yakni agathis, puspa, meranti, dan kayu afrika di Hutan Pendidikan Gunung Walat. Pengukuran di lapangan berupa diameter pada semai, pancang, tiang, dan pohon. Plot contoh berbentuk persegi dengan ukuran 20 m × 20 m yang memiliki subplot-subplot untuk pengukuran semai, pancang, tiang, dan pohon. Analisis data pendugaan biomassa menggunakan persamaan alometrik biomassa. Kandungan karbon dan serapan karbon dioksida diperoleh dari konversi nilai biomassa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan total biomassa agathis 14.646,77 ton/ha, biomassa puspa 6.436,02 ton/ha, biomassa meranti 91,31 ton/ha, dan biomassa kayu afrika 66,28 ton/ha. Karbon yang tersimpan pada agathis 6.883,98 ton/ha, puspa 3.024,93 ton/ha, meranti 42,92 ton/ha, dan kayu afrika 31,15 ton/ha. Serapan karbon dioksida agathis sebesar 25.241,26 ton/ha, puspa 11.091,41 ton/ha, meranti 157,36 ton/ha, dan kayu afrika 114,23 ton/ha.

Forests have an important role in controlling global warming by absorbing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and storing carbon in the form of forest biomass. This study aims to estimate biomass, carbon storage, and carbon dioxide uptake (CO2) in four types of stands namely agathis, puspa, meranti, and African wood in Gunung Walat Educational Forest. Measurements in the field in the form of diameters at various growth rates. The sample plot is a square with a size of 20 m × 20 m which has subplots for measuring seedlings, saplings, poles, and trees. Analysis of the biomass estimation data using the biomass allometric equation. Carbon content and carbon dioxide uptake were obtained from the conversion of biomass values. The results showed that the total biomass of agathis was 14.646,77 tons/ha, puspa biomass 6.436,02 tons/ha, meranti biomass 91,31 tons/ha, and african wood biomass 66,28 tons/ha. Carbon stored in agathis 6.883,98 tons/ha, puspa 3.024,93 tons/ha, meranti 42,917 tons/ha, and african wood 31,153 tons/ha. Carbon dioxide absorption of agathis was 25.241,26 tons/ha, puspa 11.091,41 tons/ha, meranti 157,36 tons/ha and african wood 114,23 tons/ha.