Keawetan dan Wettability Kayu Scots Pine (Pinus Sylvestris L.) Termodifikasi DMDHEU (Dimetilol Dihidroksi Etilen Urea) dan Fenol Formaldehida

Abstract

Ketahanan kayu dapat ditingkatkan dengan modifikasi kimia menggunakan DMDHEU (1,3-dimetilol-4,5-dihidroksi etilen-urea) dan fenol formaldehida. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh modifikasi kimia (PF, PF dan bio oil (PFO), DMDHEU (D), DMDHEU termodifikasi (MD), DMDHEU bebas formaldehid (DE), dan DMDHEU dengan softener (DS)) terhadap keawetan kayu. Penelitian ini juga menganalisis pengaruh perlakuan modifikasi kimia terhadap karakteristik permukaan kayu scots pine sebelum dan setelah uji kubur. Modifikasi kayu menggunakan metode vakum tekan. Ketahanan kayu scots pine terhadap serangan rayap tanah dan rayap kayu kering meningkat setelah dimodifikasi dengan DMDHEU dan PF. Kehilangan berat tertinggi terdapat pada kayu kontrol dan terendah pada kayu PF. Kekasaran permukaan kayu termodifikasi kimia lebih tinggi dibandingkan kayu tanpa perlakuan. Energi bebas permukaan (SFE) dan keterbasahan kayu scots pine sebelum uji kubur pada perlakuan kontrol lebih rendah dibandingkan D, DE, dan MD, namun lebih tinggi dibandingkan DS, PF, dan PFO. Kekasaran permukaan, SFE, dan keterbasahan kayu scots pine meningkat setelah tiga bulan uji kubur.

Wood resistance can be improved by chemical modification using DMDHEU (1,3-dimethylol-4,5-dihydroxy ethyleneurea) and phenol formaldehyde. This study aimed to analyze the effect of chemical modification (PF, PF with bio oil (PFO), DMDHEU (D), modified DMDHEU, DMDHEU derivative of formaldehyde-free resin (DE), and DMDHEU with softener (DS)) on durability of scots pine. The study also analyzed the effect of these chemical modification on the surface characteristics of scots pine wood before and after graveyard test. Wood was chemically modified by using vacuum press method. Scots pine resistance against ground termites and dry wood termites increased after modification with DMDHEU and phenol formaldehyde. The highest weight loss was found in the untreated wood and the lowest in PF treated wood. Surface roughness of chemically modified scots pine wood were higher than untreated wood. Surface free energy and wettability of untreated scots pine wood before graveyard test were higher than D, DE, MD treated wood but lower than DS, PF, and PFO treated wood. Surface roughness, surface free energy, and wettability increased after three months of graveyard test.