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      Kuantifikasi Jasa Lingkungan Pada Aspek Climate Regulation di Taman Nasional Komodo

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      Date
      2021
      Author
      Ramadhanti, Putri Alya Mukti
      Salmayenti, Resti
      June, Tania
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      Abstract
      Taman Nasional Komodo merupakan taman nasional tertua sekaligus cagar biosfer dunia karena keunikannya terdapat hewan langka komodo (Varanus komodoensis) serta keindahan alam maupun keanekaragam hayati perairannya membuat tempat ini sebagai tujuan ekowisata dunia. Pengembangan ekowisata merupakan salah satu upaya Pemerintah dalam meningkatkan minat pariwisata. Namun, perkembangan ekowisata akan mempengaruhi kebijakan penggunaan lahan yang berimplikasi pada jasa lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkuantifikasi jasa lingkungan yang terdapat di Taman Nasional Komodo dalam aspek pengaturan, khususnya pengaturan iklim seperti penyerapan karbon. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode maximum likelihood dalam mengklasifikasi tutupan lahan dan pendekatan efisiensi penggunaan radiasi untuk perhitungan karbon. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terjadi perubahan tutupan lahan seluas -3575,2 ha (-22,03%) hutan kering sekunder, -1142,3 ha (-5,27%) savana, dan peningkatan lahan terbuka sebesar 4777,6 ha (35,64%). Suhu permukaan tertinggi di daerah penelitian terjadi pada tahun 2019 baik pada bulan Maret-April dan Agustus-September masing-masing sebesar 24,46oC dan 27,66oC yang juga dipengaruhi oleh fenomena ENSO yaitu El-Nino. Potensi penyerapan karbon di Taman Nasional Komodo lebih tinggi pada periode Maret-April dibandingkan periode Agustus-September. Pasalnya, pertumbuhan savana yang didominasi kawasan ini tumbuh subur dengan cepat. Jumlah penyerapan karbon tertinggi terjadi pada tahun 2018 sebesar 2.368,8 Megaton/tahun.
       
      Komodo National Park is the oldest national park as well as the world's biosphere reserve because of its uniqueness there are rare Komodo dragons (Varanus komodoensis) and the natural beauty and biodiversity of its waters make this place a world ecotourism destination. The development of ecotourism is one of the Government's efforts to increase tourism interest. However, the development of ecotourism will affect land use policies which have implications for environmental services. This study aims to quantify the environmental services in Komodo National Park in terms of regulation, particularly climate regulation such as carbon sequestration. The method used is the maximum likelihood method in classifying land cover and the radiation use efficiency approach for carbon calculations. The results showed that there was a change in land cover of -3575.2 ha (-22.03%) secondary dry forest, - 1142.3 ha (-5.27%) savanna, and an increase in open land of 4777.6 ha (35 ,64%). The highest surface temperature in the study area occurred in 2019 in March-April and AugustSeptember respectively at 24.46oC and 27.66oC which was also influenced by the ENSO phenomenon, namely El-Nino. The potential for carbon sequestration in Komodo National Park is higher in the March-April period than the August-September period. The reason is, the growth of the savanna which is dominated by this area is growing rapidly. The highest amount of carbon sequestration occurred in 2018 at 2,368.8 Megatons/year.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/108778
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      • UT - Geophysics and Meteorology [1726]

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