Tingkat Serangan Plutella xylostella dan Parasitisasi Diadegma semiclausum pada Tanaman Kubis Organik dan Konvensional

Abstract

Kubis (Brassica oleracea) merupakan salah satu komoditas sayuran yang banyak dikonsumsi di Indonesia dan memiliki nilai ekonomi yang cukup tinggi. Produktivitas kubis di Indonesia masih tergolong rendah, salah satunya disebabkan hama P. xylostella. Pengendalian hama ini banyak dilakukan dengan aplikasi pestisida yang dapat menekan populasi musuh alami, terutama D. semiclausum yang merupakan parasitoid penting P. xylostella. Informasi mengenai tingkat serangan P. xylostella dan parasitisasi D. semiclausum dalam sistem budidaya organik dan konvensional dapat digunakan dalam menentukan sistem budidaya yang akan digunakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan informasi mengenai populasi dan tingkat serangan P. xylostella, tingkat parasitisasi D. semiclausum dan kelimpahan artropoda tanah pada budidaya kubis organik dan konvensional. Rata rata populsi P. xylostella pada pertanaman kubis organik yaitu 5,1 individu/tanaman, sedangkan pada pertanaman kubis konvensional 9,8 individu/tanaman. Rata-rata luas serangan dan intensitas kerusakan pada pertanaman kubis organik yaitu 93% dan 15,55%, sedangkan pada pertanaman kubis konvensional 83% dan 17,90%. Rata-rata tingkat parasitisasi D. semiclausum pada pertanaman kubis orgnaik yaitu 20,91%, sedangkan pada pertanaman kubis konvensional 10,39%. Jumlah individu artropoda tanah pada pertanaman kubis organik lebih banyak dibandingkan pada pertanaman kubis konvensional dengan jenis artropoda yang sama meliputi Hymenoptera, Coleoptera, Dermaptera, Orthoptera, Diptera, dan Stylommatophora

Cabbage (Brassica oleracea) is a vegetable commodity widely consumed in Indonesia and has high economic value. The productivity of cabbage in Indonesia is still low, one of which is caused by the infestation of P. xylostella. The control of this pest is mostly carried out by applications of pesticides which can suppress the population of natural enemies, especially D. semiclausum which is an important parasitoid of P. xylostella. Information about the infestation level of P. xylostella and parasitization of D. semiclausum in organic and conventional cabbage cultivation systems can be used in determining the cultivation system that will be used. The aims of this reaserch were to obtain information about the population and infestation level of P. xylostella, level of parasitization of D. semiclausum, and the abundance of soil arthropods in organic and conventional cabbage cultivation. Population of P. xylostella in organic cultivation was 5.1 individuals/plant, while in conventional cultivation was 9.8 individuals/plant. The infestation level and the plant damage caused by P. xylostella in organic cultivation were 93% and 15.55%, while in conventional cultivation were 83% and 17.90%. The parasitization level of D. semiclausum in organic cultivation was 20.91%, while in conventional cultivation was 10.39%. The diversity of soil arthropods in organic cabbage cultivation and conventional cabbage cultivation was similar. The arthropods collected from the both cabbage cultivations were Hymenoptera, Coleoptera, Dermaptera, Orthoptera, Diptera, dan Stylommatophorabundance. The abundance of soil arthropods in organic cabbage cultivation was higher than in conventional cabbage cultivation.