Histopatologi Hati Mencit pasca Induksi Subkutan Karsinogen 7,12-dimethylbenz(α)anthrasen (DMBA) dan Diobati dengan Kombinasi Ekstrak Daun Keladi Tikus (Typhonium flagelliforme) dan Interferon Anjing

Abstract

Tingkat kejadian tumor kulit sebanyak 9,5%-51% dari keseluruhan kasus tumor pada anjing. Tujuan penelitian ini mempelajari histopatologi hati mencit yang diinduksi karsinogen 7,12-Dimethylbenz-[a]anthracene (DMBA), dan diterapi ekstrak etanol daun keladi tikus (Typhonium flagelliforme) dan interferon alamiah anjing (CaIFN). Sebanyak 12 ekor mencit dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok, dan setiap mencit diinjeksi subkutan DMBA 25µg/0.05ml. Kelompok kontrol tidak diterapi (placebo 0.05 ml NaCl); kelompok KT diterapi 0.05 ml ekstrak etanol daun keladi tikus dosis 120 mg/kgBB; kelompok CaIFN diterapi 0.05 ml nCaIFN, dan kelompok CaIFNKT diterapi 0.025 ml nCaIFN + 0.025 ml ekstrak etanol daun keladi tikus dosis 120 mg/kgBB. Induksi DMBA dilakukan secara subkutan, dua kali seminggu selama empat minggu. Terapi ekstrak daun keladi tikus, CaIFN, dan kombinasi keduanya dilakukan secara intratumoral, tiga hari berturut-turut setiap minggu selama empat minggu. Setelah selesai terapi mencit diterminasi dan jaringan hati dikoleksi untuk dibuat sediaan histopatologi untuk diwarnai dengan Hematoksilin-Eosin (HE). Analisis histopatologi menggunakan aplikasi ImageJ, dan data kuantitatif dianalisis dengan ANOVA dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan. Hepatosit menunjukkan degenerasi lemak, nekrosis, dan dilatasi sinusoid. Pemberian ekstrak etanol daun keladi tikus, CaIFN, dan kombinasi keduanya memberikan kesembuhan hepatosit sangat nyata (p<0.01). Persentase hepatosit nekrosis paling rendah pada kelompok CaIFNKT, densitas hepatosit paling tinggi pada kelompok CaIFN, dan dilatasi sinusoid paling rendah pada kelompok CaIFNKT. Hati mencit yang diterapi kombinasi ekstrak etanol daun keladi tikus dan CaIFN memberikan gambaran histologi terbaik, sehingga kedua bahan tersebut bersifat hepatoprotektor.

The incidence rate of skin tumors is 9.5%-51% of all tumor cases in dogs. This research aimed to study the mice liver histopathology induced by the carcinogen 7,12-Dimethylbenz-[a]anthracene (DMBA), treated with Typhonium flagelliforme leaves and natural canine interferon (CaIFN). A total of 12 mice were divided into four groups, and each mouse was injected subcutaneously with DMBA 25g/0.05ml. The control group has placebo (0.05 ml NaCl); the KT group was treated with 0.05 ml of ethanol extract of Typhonium flagelliforme leaves at a dose of 120 mg/kg BW; the CaIFN group was treated with 0.05 ml of nCaIFN, and the CaIFNKT group was treated with 0.025 ml of nCaIFN + 0.025 ml of Typhonium flagelliforme leaves ethanol extract at a dose of 120 mg/kg BW. DMBA induction subcutaneously, twice weekly for four weeks. The therapy of Typhonium flagelliforme leaves extract, CaIFN, and the combination of both was intratumoral, three days every week for four weeks. Mice were euthanized with 300mg/kg Ketamine 10% and 15-30 mg/kg Xylazine 2%. Liver tissue was collected for histopathological preparation and stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE). Histopathological analysis using ImageJ application, data analyzed by ANOVA followed by Duncan's test. Hepatocytes show fatty change, necrosis, and sinusoidal dilatation. Giving ethanol extract of Typhonium flagelliforme leaves, CaIFN, and their combination gave a very significant healing of hepatocytes (p<0.01). The percentage of hepatocyte necrosis was lowest in the CaIFNKT group, the highest hepatocyte density in the CaIFNT group, and the lowest sinusoidal dilatation in the CaIFNKT group. Mice livers treated with a combination of ethanol extract of Typhonium flagelliforme leaves with CaIFN gave the best histological performance that both substances were hepatoprotective.