Inventarisasi Penelitian Silvikultur dan Pemanfaatan Pohon Kenanga (Cananga odorata) di Indonesia

Abstract

Kenanga (Cananga odorata), khususnya kenanga Jawa (Cananga odorata forma macrophylla) dan ylang-ylang (Cananga odorata forma genuina) merupakan jenis pohon penghasil minyak atsiri. Minyak atsiri diperoleh dari hasil penyulingan bunganya. Tanaman kenanga belum begitu banyak dikenal di Indonesia. Oleh sebab itu informasi mengenai teknik silvikultur dan pemanfaatannya masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan memperoleh informasi mengenai sebaran topik penelitian kenanga Jawa dan ylang-ylang di Indonesia serta mengetahui peluang pengembangan hutan tanaman kenanga di Indonesia didasarkan atas hasil-hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan yaitu melalui studi literatur. Sumber data didapat dari buku, jurnal, prosiding, skripsi dan tesis yang tersedia secara online. Berdasarkan hasil inventarisasi penelitian tentang pohon kenanga (C. odorata) di Indonesia, terdapat total 96 publikasi. Hasil tersebut terbagi kedalam beberapa aspek, yaitu aspek perbenihan, persemaian, penanaman, pemeliharan, pemanenan dan pengolahan bunga, minyak kenanga serta manfaat.

Cananga, especially Java cananga (Cananga odorata forma macrophylla) and ylang-ylang (Cananga odorata forma genuina) are tree species that produce essential oils. Essential oils are obtained from the distillation of the flowers. Cananga tree are not yet widely known in Indonesia. Therefore, information on silvicultural techniques and their use is still limited. This study aims to obtain information on the distribution of research topics of cananga and ylang-ylang in Indonesia and to find out the opportunities for developing cananga plantations in Indonesia based on the results of research that has been carried out. The research method used is through a literature study. Sources of data are obtained from books, journals, proceedings and thesis which are available online. Based on the results of the research inventory on cananga (C. odorata) trees in Indonesia, there are a total of 96 publications. The results are divided into several aspects, namely aspects of seedling, nurseries, planting, maintenance, harvesting and processing flowers, ylang oil and benefit.