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      Analisis Faktor Iklim terhadap Serangan Hama Wereng Batang Coklat di Wilayah Subang Utara

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      Date
      2021
      Author
      Fathurohman, Eman
      Koesmaryono, Yonny
      Sugiarto, Yon
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      Abstract
      Subang merupakan salah satu sentra produksi padi di Jawa Barat setelah Indramayu dan Karawang. Fluktuasi produksi padi tidak terlepas dari faktor iklim serta serangan hama dan penyakit. Wereng batang coklat (Nilaparvata lugens Stal.) merupakan salah satu hama berbahaya pada tanaman padi karena dapat menularkan virus lain. Pemodelan Climex digunakan untuk mengetahui respon suatu spesies terhadap komponen iklim. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis dampak variabilitas dan perubahan iklim terhadap potensi serangan hama wereng batang coklat di wilayah Subang Utara. Fungsi yang digunakan dalam model Climex adalah compare years dan compare locations. Skenario iklim yang digunakan adalah RCP 4.5 dan RCP 8.5 dengan model CCSM4 dan MIROC5. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada tahun 2011-2020 (baseline) wilayah Subang Utara secara umum memiliki iklim yang sesuai untuk perkembangan wereng batang coklat dengan nilai EI sebesar 62. Adanya variabilitas iklim dapat berdampak pada perkembangan wereng batang coklat. Fenomena El-Nino dapat menurunkan nilai EI menjadi 46 (tahun 2015) dan 43 (tahun 2019). Terjadinya peningkatan suhu, perubahan pola curah hujan, dan naiknya permukaan laut pada tahun 2050-an dapat menurunkan nilai EI menjadi 45 dan 39 (CCSM4) serta 55 dan 50 (MIROC5).
       
      Subang is one of the centers of rice production in West Java after Indramayu and Karawang. Fluctuations in rice production are inseparable from climatic factors and attacks by pests and diseases. Brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stal.) is a dangerous pest on rice plants because it can transmit other viruses. The Climex model is used to determine the response of a species to climate components. This study aimed to analyze the impact of climate variability and climate change on the potential attack of brown planthoppers in Northern Subang. The functions used in the Climex model are compare years and compare locations. The climate scenarios used are RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 with CCSM4 and MIROC5 models. The results showed that in 2011-2020 (baseline) Northern Subang had a climate suitable for the development of brown planthoppers with an EI value of 62. The existence of climate variability can have an impact on the development of brown planthoppers. Phenomenon El-Nino can decrease the EI value to 46 (in 2015) and 43 (in 2019). An increase in temperature, changes in rainfall patterns, and rising sea levels in the 2050s can decrease EI values to 45 and 39 (CCSM4) and 55 and 50 (MIROC5).
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/107650
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      • UT - Geophysics and Meteorology [1719]

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