FADS gene cluster and FTO gene polymorphisms are associated with obesity and macronutrient intakes in selected Indonesian adults
Date
2021Author
Al-Jawadi, Athraa Alaulddin Abdullah
Artika, I Made
Malik, Safarina G.
Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
Obesity prevalence is increasing worldwide, including in Indonesian adults. The
fatty acid desaturase gene cluster (FADS1, FADS2, FADS3) and fat mass and obesityassociated (FTO) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs1421085 have been reported
to associate with obesity and macronutrient intake in different populations. This research
aimed to investigate the association between obesity and single nucleotide
polymorphisms in the FADS1, FADS2, FADS3, and FTO genes in the Indonesian
adults. In addition, the study also aimed to investigate the interaction between
macronutrient and SNPs in the FADS1, FADS2, FADS3, and FTO genes in influencing
obesity in Indonesian adults. A total of 71 subjects (35 obese and 36 non-obese) living
in Jakarta, Indonesia, were recruited. The FADS1 rs174547, FADS2 rs174575, and FTO
rs1421085 SNPs were detected using amplification-refractory mutation system
polymerase chain reaction (ARMS PCR). The FADS3 rs174450 SNP was detected
using the DNA sequencing method. Genetic association of the FADS1 rs174547,
FADS2 rs174575, FADS3 rs174450, and FTO rs1421085 SNPs with obesity and
macronutrient intakes were evaluated using either linear regression or rank-based linear
regression analyses depending on the data normality. Minor allele frequencies (MAF) of
the FADS1 rs174547, FADS2 rs174575, FADS3 rs174450, and FTO rs1421085 SNPs
were 0.32, 0.3, 0.46, and 0.22, respectively. Under the additive genetic model, the
subjects who carried the minor T allele of rs174547 SNP were positively associated with
increased protein intake (p = 0.009). The subjects with the minor allele of FADS3
rs174450 SNP tended to associate with total protein intake. The subjects who carried the
minor C allele of FTO rs1421085 SNP were positively associated with 4.18% increase
in fat intake (p = 0.001) and 1.96% increase in saturated fatty acid (SAFA) intake (p =
0.011) in the additive genetic model. The present study indicated that the FADS1
rs174547 SNP minor T allele is associated with the high intake of dietary protein, while
the FTO rs1421085 SNP minor C allele was positively associated with high intake of
dietary fat, in particular high intake of dietary saturated fatty acid in adults Jakarta,
Indonesia. We hope that the findings of this study will provide basic knowledge of the
interaction between gene and macronutrients on increasing the obesity risk, particularly
in Indonesian adults.