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      Karakteristik Morfofungsi Otot-Otot Daerah Betis dan Telapak Kaki Orang Utan Kalimantan (Pongo pygmaeus)

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      Date
      2021
      Author
      Kartjito, Nicolas Edward Christanto
      Nurhidayat
      Laila, Sri Rahmatul
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      Abstract
      Orang utan adalah kera besar yang memiliki aspek anatomis dan fisiologis yang mirip dengan gorila dan simpanse, meskipun habitat hidup orang utan dominan di arboreal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari karakteristik morfofungsi otot-otot daerah betis dan telapak kaki orang utan kalimantan dan kaitannya dengan tipe lokomosi dan perilaku hariannya. Penelitian ini dilakukan terhadap kaki kanan orang utan kalimantan jantan dengan cara mengamati morfologi otot-otot daerah betis dan telapak kaki serta mengamati perilaku orang utan kalimantan jantan melalui pengamatan video. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan otot-otot flexor digit lebih berkembang dibandingkan otot-otot flexor plantar sebagai adaptasi dari aktivitas arboreal yang membutuhkan gerakan flexor digit seperti saat mencengkeram cabang pohon. Orang utan kalimantan memiliki digit I kaki belakang yang rudimenter sehingga otot-otot intrinsik digit I kurang berkembang, ditunjukkan dengan cara orang utan mencengkeram cabang pohon yang dominan menggunakan digit II-V. Otot extensor digit aktif saat pergerakan terestrial yang ditunjukkan pada orang utan kalimantan jantan dewasa yang lebih terestrial dibandingkan orang utan lainnya, sehingga ukuran otot-otot extensor digit orang utan kalimantan jantan dewasa relatif lebih berkembang dibandingkan pada orang utan muda. Morfologi otot kaki dan digit orang utan sesuai dengan fungsi dan adaptasi perilakunya di arboreal maupun terestrial.
       
      Orangutans are great apes that have anatomical and physiological aspects similar to those of gorillas and chimpanzees, although orangutans are more arboreal than other great apes. This research aims to study the morphofunctional characteristics of the lower hindlimb and foot muscles of bornean orangutan and its relation to the type of locomotion and daily behavior. This research was conducted on the right leg of male orangutan by observing the morphology of the lower hindlimb and foot muscles and observing the behavior of the bornean orangutan through video observations. The results showed that digital flexor muscles are more developed than plantar flexor muscles as an adaptation of arboreal activities that require finger flexor movements such as gripping tree branches. Orangutans have rudimentary hallux, it is related by the less developed intrinsic muscle and indicated by the way orangutan grips tree branch dominantly using digits II-V. The digital extensor muscles are more active at terrestrial activity, as shown in adult male bornean orangutans who are more adapted to terrestrial movement, have more developed digital extensor muscles than in juvenile orangutans. The morphology of the leg and finger muscles is in accordance with its function and behavior adaptation in arboreal and terrestrial.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/107392
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      • UT - Anatomy, Phisiology and Pharmacology [1047]

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