Rancang Bangun Alat Ukur Particulate Matter < 2.5 µm (PM2.5) Portabel Berbasis Particle Counter (DSM501A)

Abstract

Kualitas udara telah menjadi masalah kesehatan utama di seluruh dunia., Peningkatan paparan materi partikulat halus (PM2.,5) telah secara pasti dikaitkan dengan efek kesehatan yang serius seperti penyakit pernapasan, pneumonia, dan peningkatan kematian. Mengingat dampak PM2.5, diperlukan pemantauan kualitas udara secara berkala. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan perangkat portabel berbasis low-cost sensor DSM501A, yang dapat dengan mudah digunakan dan mampu menampilkan data PM2.5 secara real-time dan kontinu melalui jaringan localhost. Tahap perancangan alat ukur PM2.5 terdiri dari proses perancangan sistem pengukuran, pabrikasi sistem elektronik dan akusisi data kemudian melakukan integrasi sistem localhost lalu melakukan uji kinerja alat. Alat tersebut telah diuji dengan beberapa perlakuan berbeda yaitu pengambilan data interval 30 detik selama tiga hari untuk pengukuran indoor dan outdoor. Pengukuran indoor menunjukan pola diurnal peningkatan konsentrasi PM2.5 di pagi hari dengan nilai maksimum 1.5 µg/m3, serta peningkatan di malam hari mencapai 2.2 µg/m3. Pengukuran outdoor menunjukan pola diurnal peningkatan konsentrasi PM2.5 terjadi di pagi hari hingga siang hari dengan nilai maksimum mencapai 7.4 µg/m3. Pengukuran dengan kondisi terisolasi tidak menunjukan adanya partikel terdeteksi, sedangkan pada pengukuran asap terisolasi, konsentrasi partikel bervariasi dari 15603 pcs/283mL hingga 101423 pcs/283mL dengan nilai rata-rata 28273 pcs/283mL. Alat ini mampu dengan baik merespon konsentrasi partikel PM2.5 dan memerlukan pengembangan lebih lanjut seperti kalibrasi sensor, memperhitungkan pengaruh aspek meteorologi seperti suhu, kelembaban udara, kecepatan angin dan stabilitas atmosfer yang dapat mempengaruhi konsentrasi PM2.5 di udara, dan juga dapat mempengaruhi respon sensor dalam melakukan pengukuran

Air quality has been a major health concern around the world, and increased levels of exposure to fine particulate matter < 2.5µm (PM2.5) have been definitively linked to serious health effects such as respiratory illness, pneumonia, and increased mortality. Due to the impact of PM2.5, the periodic air quality measurement is required. This research was aimed to develop a portable device based on low-cost particle counter DSM501A, easy to use and display the concentration of PM2.5 for real-time and continuous on the localhost network. The assembly process of PM2.5 device is divided into system design, electronic manufacturing system, and data acquisition, then integrates the localhost system and performs a performance test of the device. The device has been tested with several condition, at 30 second intervals for three days indoor and outdoor measurements. Indoor measurements show a diurnal pattern of increasing PM2.5 concentrations with the morning peak concentration of 1.5 µg/m3, and an increase in the night with peak of 2.2 µg/m3. Outdoor measurement indicated a diurnal pattern of PM2.5, with an increase in the morning until the afternoon with a maximum value of 7.4 µg/m3. The measurements with the isolated condition indicated that no particle detected during the measurement, while the smoke condition show the concentration varied from 15603 pcs/283mL to 101423 pcs/283mL with an average of 28273 pcs/283mL. This device is able to respond the concentration of PM2.5 particles and required a further development on sensor calibration, and consider the meteorological aspects such as temperature, humidity, wind speed and atmospheric stability that can affect the PM2.5 concentrations in the air, and furthermore affect the sensor responses.