Ukuran Kepala Larva, Pupa, dan Imago serta Karakter Tubuh Larva Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) di Kabupaten Bogor
Abstract
Ulat grayak frugiperda atau Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith)
(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) merupakan serangga invasif yang dapat menyerang
banyak famili tanaman, salah satunya adalah famili gramineae seperti jagung, padi,
gandum, sorgum, dan tebu. Larva S. frugiperda dapat menyebabkan kerusakan
parah dan dapat mengakibatkan kematian tanaman. Larva ini memiliki variasi
morfologi tubuh sehingga dapat menyulitkan identifikasi instar larva dalam
kegiatan monitoring dan pengendalian hama ini di lapangan. Penelitian ini
bertujuan mengelompokkan ukuran lebar kapsul kepala larva, melakukan
pengukuran panjang dan lebar pupa, serta rentang sayap imago. Penelitian ini juga
mengamati variasi warna tubuh, warna dan corak kepala, warna garis huruf Y,
warna garis dorsal dan warna garis lateral dari larva S. frugiperda yang diperoleh
dari Kabupaten Bogor. Sampel larva yang diambil secara purposive sampling
diperoleh dari 3 kecamatan di Kabupaten Bogor, yaitu Ciomas, Cikarawang, dan
Cibeureum. Pengamatan terhadap morfologi dan pengukuran lebar kapsul kepala
larva dilakukan menggunakan mikroskop stereo. Data lebar kapsul kepala larva
dianalisis dengan boxplot. Untuk data warna tubuh, corak dan warna kepala, warna
huruf Y, warna garis dorsal, serta warna garis lateral dianalisis secara deskriptif.
Lebar kepala kapsul larva instar 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, dan 6 berturut-turut berkisar pada 0.32-
0.46 mm, 0.55-0.70 mm, 0.72-0.99 mm, 1.01-1.66 mm, 1.71-2.29 mm, dan 2.30-
3.25 mm. Warna tubuh, warna dan corak kepala, warna huruf Y, warna garis dorsal,
dan warna garis lateral berturut-turut sebanyak 3 variasi, 6 variasi, 4 variasi, 6
variasi, dan 4 variasi. Panjang pupa, lebar pupa, panjang sayap depan, panjang
sayap belakang, dan rentang sayap imago jantan tidak berbeda nyata dengan imago
betina. The fall armyworm or Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera:
Noctuidae) is an invasive insect that can attack many plant families, one of which
is the Gramineae family such as corn, rice, wheat, sorghum, and sugar cane. S.
frugiperda larvae can cause severe damage and can result in plant death. These
larvae have variations in body morphology so that it can be difficult to identify
larval instars in monitoring and controlling these pests in the field. This study was
aimed to classify the width of the larval head capsule, to measure the length and
width of the pupa, and the wingspan of the adult. This study also observed
variations in body colour, head colour and pattern, letter Y line colour, dorsal line
colour and lateral line colour of S. frugiperda obtained from Bogor Regency. The
sample of larvae taken by purposive sampling was obtained from 3 subdistricts
namely from Ciomas, Cikarawang, and Cibeureum. Observations of the
morphology and measurement of the larval head capsule width were carried out
using a stereomicroscope. The data on the width of the larval head capsule was
analyzed by a boxplot. Data for the body colour, head pattern and colour, letter Y
colour, dorsal line colour, and lateral line colour were analyzed descriptively. The
head width of instar larvae capsules 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 ranged from 0.32-0.46 mm,
0.55-0.70 mm, 0.72-0.99 mm, 1.01-1.66 mm, 1.71-2.29 mm, and 2.30-3.25 mm,
respectively. The body colour, head colour and pattern, letter Y colour, dorsal line
colour, and lateral line colour had 3 variations, 6 variations, 4 variations, 6
variations, and 4 variations, respectively. The length of the pupa, the width of the
pupa, The length of the front wings, the length of the hind wings, and the
wingspan of the male adult were not significantly different from the female adult.
Collections
- UT - Plant Protection [2412]