dc.contributor.advisor | Priyambodo, Swastiko | |
dc.contributor.advisor | Triwidodo, Hermanu | |
dc.contributor.advisor | Sahari, Bandung | |
dc.contributor.author | Mulyana, Ade Nendi | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-01-22T07:48:36Z | |
dc.date.available | 2021-01-22T07:48:36Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2020 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/105368 | |
dc.description.abstract | Kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) merupakan salah satu komoditas
perkebunan yang mempunyai peran penting dalam kegiatan perekonomian.
Indonesia merupakan negara produsen dan eksportir kelapa sawit terbesar di dunia.
Budidaya tanaman kelapa sawit tidak terlepas dari organisme pengganggu tanaman
(OPT) baik hama, penyakit, maupun gulma yang dapat menurunkan kualitas
maupun kuantitas hasil panen. Tikus merupakan salah satu hama penting pada
perkebunan kelapa sawit. Burung hantu (Tytonidae) merupakan predator potensial
untuk mengendalikan tikus pada perkebunan kelapa sawit.
Penelitian dikonsentrasikan untuk mengkaji sejarah dan perkembangan
burung serak sulawesi pada gupon (sangkar buatan), pola reproduksi, predasi, dan
perilaku bersarang burung serak sulawesi (T. rosenbergii) di perkebunan kelapa
sawit. Penelitian dilakukan di lanskap perkebunan kelapa sawit yang terletak di
Desa Towiora, Kecamatan Rio Pakava, Kabupaten Donggala, Sulawesi Tengah dan
Desa Martasari, Kecamatan Pedongga, Kabupaten Pasangkayu, Sulawesi Barat.
Kegiatan penelitian mencakup dua jenis kegiatan antara lain pengumpulan data
primer dengan melakukan pengamatan lapangan, serta melakukan analisis terhadap
data sekunder. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengamatan lapangan yaitu dengan
observasi langsung terhadap objek penelitian, yang meliputi identifikasi morfologi
burung, pemangsaan dan perilaku makan, pola reproduksi, serta perilaku bersarang
pada gupon (sangkar buatan). Pengamatan dilakukan secara langsung maupun
menggunakan kamera jebak. Analisis data sekunder dilakukan untuk mengetahui
sejarah penggunaan burung serak sulawesi pada lokasi penelitian, serta mengetahui
perkembangannya di lapangan.
Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, pemanfaatan burung serak sulawesi
dilaksanakan mulai tahun 1998 dengan pemasangan gupon pada blok tertentu yang
memiliki serangan tikus yang tinggi. Hasil pengamatan pola reproduksi, jumlah
telur yang dihasilkan berkisar antara 2–6 butir telur dengan rata-rata 3,85 butir.
Persentase penetasan berkisar antara 0–100% dengan rata-rata penetasan 80,77%.
Anak burung berbulu lengkap pada umur 8 minggu. Persentase anak burung yang
bertahan hidup sampai berbulu lengkap sebesar 51%.
Hasil pengujian tingkat predasi, burung serak sulawesi mampu memangsa 1-
4 ekor tikus dalam satu malam serta mampu mengonsumsi pakan per hari sebanyak
26,68 g/100 g bobot tubuh burung. Aktivitas burung serak sulawesi lebih banyak
dilakukan di luar gupon dibandingkan di dalam gupon, kecuali saat musim
reproduksi sedang berlangsung. | id |
dc.description.abstract | Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) is the one of plantation commodities
which have important role in economic sector. Indonesia is the biggest for
producing and exporting crude palm oil in the world. Oil palm cultivation cannot
be separated from organism of plant pest, diseases, and weeds which can reduce the
quality and quantity of yields. Rats are the most important pests in the oil palm
plantation. Tytonidae is a predator that have potential for controlling rats in oil plam
plantation.
The research was focused on examining the history and development in nest
box, reproductive patterns, predation, and nesting behavior of the sulawesi masked
owl (T. rosenbergii) in oil palm plantations. The research was conducted in the oil
palm plantation landscape located in Towiora Village, Rio Pakava District,
Donggala Regency, Central Sulawesi and Martasari Village, Pedongga District,
Pasangkayu Regency, West Sulawesi. Research activities include two types of
activities i.e. primary data collection by conducting field observations, and
analyzing secondary data. The method used in field observations was direct
observation of the object of research, which included identification of owl
morphology, predation and feeding behavior, reproductive patterns, and nesting
behavior in nest box. Observations were made either directly or using camera traps.
Secondary data analysis was carried out to determine the history of owl use at the
research location, as well as to determine its development in the field.
Based on the results of the study, the use of T. rosenbergii was carried out
starting in 1998 with the installation of nest boxes on certain blocks that had high
rat attack. The results of the observation of reproductive patterns showed that the
number of eggs produced ranged from 2–6 eggs with an average of 3,85 eggs. The
hatching percentage ranges from 0–100% with an average hatching rate of 80,77%.
Fully feathered chicks were at 8 weeks of age. The percentage of chicks that survive
until they have full hair is 51%.
The results of the predation level test showed that the T. rosenbergii was
able to kill 1-4 rats in one night and was able to consume 26,68 g/100 g of bird body
weight per day. The activity of T. rosenbergii were mostly occured outside the nest
box than inside, except when they had reproductive season. | id |
dc.description.sponsorship | Penyedia Dana Penelitian: PT. Astra Agro Lestari Tbk. | id |
dc.language.iso | id | id |
dc.publisher | IPB (Bogor Agricultural University) | id |
dc.title | Pemanfaatan Burung Serak Sulawesi (Tyto rosenbergii Schlegel) untuk Mengendalikan Tikus pada Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit di Sulawesi | id |
dc.title.alternative | Utilization of Sulawesi Masked Owl (Tyto rosenbergii Schlegel) for Rats Control in Oil Palm Plantation in Sulawesi | id |
dc.type | Thesis | id |
dc.subject.keyword | Nest box | id |
dc.subject.keyword | nesting behavior | id |
dc.subject.keyword | predators | id |
dc.subject.keyword | prey | id |
dc.subject.keyword | reproduction | id |