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      Pembuatan Pupuk Kalium Silikat Berbahan Dasar Pasir Kuarsa dari Bangka

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      Date
      2021-01-18
      Author
      Edwar, Feabri Kurniawan
      Hartono, Arief
      Nugroho, Budi
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      Abstract
      Salah satu upaya pemanfaatan potensi pasir kuarsa yaitu melalui pembuatan pupuk kalium silikat (K2SiO3), melalui reaksi SiO2 dengan kalium hidroksida (KOH). Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan suhu optimal dalam pembuatan pupuk K2SiO3 melalui pencampuran pasir kuarsa atau SiO2 dari Bangka dan KOH. Lebih jauh penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi kelarutan pupuk K2SiO3 pada tanah serta pengaruhnya terhadap pH tanah, alumunium dapat ditukar (Al-dd), kalium dapat ditukar (K-dd) dan silika (Si) tersedia melalui percobaan inkubasi pada Podsolik Dramaga. Hasil menunjukan bahwa kandungan kalium dalam bentuk kalium oksida (K2O) tertinggi pada suhu 1000oC sebesar 66,9%, sedangkan terendah pada suhu 700oC sebesar 55,1%. Sebaliknya, kandungan Si dalam bentuk SiO2 pada suhu 1000oC sangat rendah. Kandungan SiO2 pupuk kalium silikat tertinggi pada suhu 800oC sebesar 35,1%. Pupuk K2SiO3 yang paling optimal dari penelitian ini adalah pada suhu 800oC dengan memiliki kandungan K2O 60,0% dan SiO2 35,1%. Percobaan inkubasi menunjukkan dosis pupuk kalium silikat 2,5% adalah dosis yang paling efektif karena selain meningkatkan hara K-dd dan Si tersedia, juga mampu menurunkan nilai Al-dd dan memperbaiki nilai pH tanah menjadi relatif netral.
       
      One of the efforts to utilize the potential for quartz sand (SiO2) is through the manufacture of potassium silicate (K2SiO3) fertilizer, by reacting SiO2 with potassium hydroxide (KOH). This study aimed to obtain the optimal temperature in the manufacture of K2SiO3 fertilizer by mixing quartz sand or SiO2 from Bangka and KOH. Furthermore the study aimed to evaluate the solubility of fertilizer in soil and its effect on soil pH, exchangeable aluminum (exchangeable Al), exchangeable potassium (exchangeable K) and available silica (Si) through incubation experiment on Podzolik Darmaga. The results showed that the highest K content in the form of potassium oxide (K2O) was at 1000o celcius (C) with a content of 66,9%, while the lowest was at 700o C with a content of 55,1%. In contrast, the Si content in the form of SiO2 at a temperature of 1000o C was very low. The highest SiO2 content of K2SiO3 fertilizer at a temperature of 800oC was 35,1%. The most optimal K2SiO3 fertilizer from this study was at a temperature of 800o C with a content of 60,0% K2O and 35,1% SiO2. Incubation experiment showed that the K2SiO3 with the rate of 2,50% was the most effective rate because besides increased the exchangeable K and available Si, it also reduced the exchangeable Al and improved the soil pH to relatively neutral.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/105309
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      • UT - Soil Science and Land Resources [2823]

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