Modifikasi Pati Garut (Maranta arundinaceae L.) dengan Hidrolisis Asam, Siklus Autoclaving-Cooling, dan Heat Moisture Treatment (HMT) untuk Menghasilkan Pati Resisten Tipe III (RS3)

Abstract

Arrowroot starch has potential as raw material to produce resistant starch. Like other sources of starch, arrowroot starch naturally has low resistant starch content. Modification treatment of arrowroot starch for increasing resistant starch content in this research are acid hydrolysis, threeautoclaving- cooling-cycles, and HMT using heated for 15 minutes (HMT15’) and 60 minutes (HMT60’). The objectives of this research are to study the increased of resistant starch, amylose content and reducing sugar content, and also the decreased of starch digestibillity and total starch; to obtain modification method of arrowroot starch (acid hydrolysis, threeautoclaving- cooling-cycles, HMT, and or combination of acid hydrolysis, three-autoclaving-cooling-cycles, and HMT) for producing the highest resistant starch content; and also to obtain the best heat time of HMT between 15 minutes and 60 minutes at 1210C for increasing resistant starch content. Arrowroot starch modification by using combination of acid hydrolysis method, three autoclaving-cooling cycles, and HMT using heated for 60 minutes increased resistant starch content (from 2.15% to 29.63%), amylose content (from 24.50% to 35.83%), and reducing sugar (from 4.92% to 10.20%), and also decreased both starch digestibility (from 84.92% to 54.12%) and total starch content (from 98.10% to 71.28%). Treatment in arrowroot starch modified by using acid hydrolysis method, threeautoclaving- cooling-cycles and HMT60 minutes (HAAC-HMT60’) increased resistant starch content until 14 times fold compared to native arrowroot starch. That combination of treatment (HAAC-HMT60’) has been proven significantly (P<0.05) to increase resistant starch, amylose content, reducing sugar content and also decrease both starch digestibility and total starch from modified arrowroot starch.