Proses Degumming dengan Enzim Selulase dan Xilanase pada Pembuatan Serat Bambu

Abstract

Degumming process of bamboo fiber using cellulase and xylanase has been conducted. The objectives of this study was to determine the most suitable type of bamboo used in the enzymatic process. The species of bamboo used were bambu kuning, bambu tali, and bambu hitam. The study was conducted by examining the cellulose content, hemicellulose content, lignin content, fiber hydrolysis, and analysis of results. Fiber hydrolysis using optimum pH and temperature of the enzyme that were known by the enzyme activity assay, the cellulase enzyme concentration of 25 U/g and xylanase enzyme concentration of 50 U/g to 500 U/g. Obtained from the testing that bambu kuning has cellulose and hemicellulose contents which most susceptible to hydrolysis with 393.6 ppm glucose formed and 6.40 % alteration of cellulose and 298 ppm xylose formed with 12.71 % alteration of hemicellulose. The best enzyme concentration to hydrolyze bambu kuning was 400 U/g which could hydrolyze hemicellulose content by 54.31 % in 24 hours.