Penentuan Konsentrasi Bahan Penyamak Aldehida dan Minyak Biji Karet untuk Penyamakan Kulit Samoa pada Skala Pilot Plant

Abstract

Research on chamois tanning using rubber seed oil on a laboratory scale has achieved optimum results. Therefore,further research is directed toward the pilot plant scale before entering mass production for the commercialization. This study aimed to determine the effects of glutaraldehyde concentrations (3% and 5%) and rubber seed oil concentrations (20% and 30%) and also to determine the best combination of treatments. This study shows that the concentration of rubber seed oil significantly affected oil content and tensile strength. The concentration of glutaraldehyde had a significant effect on tear strength and tensile strength. Interaction of these two factors significantly affected the tensile strength of chamois leather. Combination treatment of rubber seed oil concentration of 20% and 3% glutaraldehyde concentration gave the best results. The physical properties were tensile strength of 30.1 N/mm2, elongation of 112.6%, tear strength of 81.57 N/mm, 2 hours water absorption of 345%, 24-hour water absorption of 409.9%. The chemical properties were oil content of 5.9%, ash content of 1.2%, and pH of 6.7. The organoleptic properties were softness 8 (good), colours 8-9 (very good), and odour 8-9 (very good). This best result was similar with or may be as good as the best result on laboratory scale. Therefore, chamois leather production process technology of rubber seed oil is ready to be produced on a larger scale for the purpose of commercialization by considering economic value