Produksi Bioetanol dari Limbah Tanaman Jagung Melalui Sakarifikasi dan Fermentasi Simultan dengan Kultur Campuran Saccharomyces cereviseae dan Pichia stipitis

Abstract

Corn crop waste as a lignocellulosic material has a large potential in Indonesia. Lignocellulosic material is a renewable raw material for ethanol production. Most of the composition of lignocellulisic materials consist of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. Cellulose hydrolysis will produce glucose that can be fermented into ethanol by Saccharomyces cereviseae. Hemicellulose hydrolysis will produce xylose. Sacharomyces cerevisiae is the most applied and traditional microorganism for ethanol production. It has a high ethanol tolerance, and high yields and rates of fermentation, but its inability to ferment xylose, the second most abundant sugar in nature, limits its use in biofuel production. This study applies simultaneous saccharification and fermentation techniques to the production of ethanol from corn crop waste materials using a culture volume Saccharomyces ceseviseae, Pichia stipitis, and mixed culture of Saccharomyces cereviseae and Pichia stipitis.Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation with individual yeasts Pichia stipitis shows the best results with high ethanol at 5.84 g/l and yield 0.11. Saccharomyces cereviseae and Pichia stipitis mixtures with etnanol 4.34 g/l and yield 0.10, and Saccharomyces cereviseae at least with the results 3.79 g/l ethanolo and yield 0.07 at the time of 96 hours. The results of this study indicate that at 96 hours of mixed culture of Saccharomyces cereviseae and Pichia stipitis not improve the performance their single culture. Further research still needs to be done by optimizing the ratio and between the two yeasts and sequence inoculation.