Kajian Idenfikasi Bahan Tambahan Pangan Hasil Fraksinasi Asap Cair dari Tongkol Jagung

Abstract

Corn cob is one type of agricultural waste that can be processed into useful products such as food additives through pyrolysis and fractionation. In pyrolisis, degradation of components contained in the corn cob as cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin into various organic compound was occurred. Range of temperature and pressure treatment based on the boiling point of every individual chemical compounds contained in the liquid smoke 550oC with the addition of 1.5 % atapulgite catalyst. Fractionation of liquid smoke was done by using vacuum distillation method that make compound which has high boiling point will more quickly evaporated. Furthermore, components of chemical compounds in the liquid smoke fractions identified by GC-MS ((Gas Mass Chromatography Spectrometry). Fraction of liquid smoke can be produced at a pressure of 100 mbar at all points of temperature, but at a pressure of 90 mbar with a temperature of 70oC and pressure of 80 mbar with a temperature of 67.5oC and 70oC, the liquid can’t be fractionationed again, because temperature and pressure was too high. The result of GC-MS showed that some component contained in the liquid smoke were phenol, ketons, furans, aldehydes, hydrocarbons, and acids. The largest component is phenol, which produced at all temperatures in all pressure points.These compound can be used in the manufactured of food additives such as preservatives, antioxidant, and flavor.