Peningkatan Kinerja Pengemasan Pisang Ambon (Musa Paradisiaca L.) Selama Transportasi dengan Penataan Posisi Pisang dan Jenis Bahan Pengisi

Abstract

This study specifically aims to determine the effect of the use of filler materials packaging and how an effort to improve the performance of a ambon banana’s packaging so it can reduce mechanical damage during transportation. Materials used in this study include yellow banana, corrugated cardboard Regular Slotted Container (RSC) with the flute type B / C, packaging filler materials such as paper cuts and leaf and stem of a banana. Equipment used are simulator tables, scales Mettler, Rheometer, Refrigerator, and Refractometer. Bananas are packed into cardboard packaging with a weight of 15 kg each with different filler, paper cuts. After the bananas are packed, carried out simulations of transport as many as three replicates with an average amplitude 3,23 cm and frequency 3,27 Hz which is equivalent to 223,32 km out of town trips. Maximum equivalent to the track overland journey from one of Purwakarta to Merak. After the simulation of transportation, highest level of mechanical damage were banana in a box without filler materials with the supine position at 6,22%, while the lowest damage were banana in a cardboard box with filler and paper cuts. Bananas stored mechanical damage was observed at three different temperatures, there are 10ºC, 15ºC and 27ºC. Banana color changed from green to yellow to orange during storage. The color change indicator in this study the different savings at each temperature, there are 10ºC = 4 weeks, 15ºC = 2-3 weeks and 27ºC = 6 days. Result of observations were tested using SAS 9.1 that the use of filler material, arrangement, temperature and storage time significantly affected the physical and chemical properties of banana such as weight loss, hardness, total solids content, and color changes. Decrease in weight experienced by banana row views from the highest score after six days of storage are stored at a temperature of banana 10ºC with filler and banana leaf midrib of 24,56 grams, 15ºC with filler paper for 35 grams, and temperature with filler 27ºC amounted to 62,22 grams of paper. At the end of the storage period, the highest of violence experienced by the banana is not stored in boxes made from filler with supine position at a temperature 10ºC=14,64 N. While the lowest violence experienced by the banana which was stored at 27ºC without fillers and supine position at 6,44 N. Changes in color and increased total solids which are relatively more slowly happening in bananas stored at a temperature 10ºC without filler at 7,2 scale, while the opposite happens in a banana that is stored at temperatures 27ºC without filler at 5,25 scale.