Pendugaan Umur Simpan Kelopak Bunga Rosela (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) Kering.

Abstract

Roselle is a kind of plant from genus Hibiscus. Calyx of roselle flower from variety of sabdariffa has a lot of uses as a food material. Utilization of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) has increased because many researches mentioned that roselle have chemical content which have many functions for human health, especially high content of vitamin C. Prediction of shelf life aims to know shelf life of dry calyx of roselle in certain condition. Determination shelf life product with ASS (Accelerated Storage Studies) method using environmental condition parameter enables to accelerate degradation process of quality of food product. The right packaging and storage is expected to increase shelf life and detain deterioration rate of dry calyx of roselle. The objectives of the research is to know quality changing, to determine shelf life, and to obtain better packaging to defend quality of dry calyx of roselle. The packaging materials which are used in this research were craft paper and plastic PP. Storage temperatures are held at 25°C, 35°C, and 45°C. Storage time in this research is 3 months. The analysis of dry calyx of roselle were water content, total of acid titration, total soluble solid, pH, vitamin C content, total mould, and sensory evaluation analysis. Based on this research, it is showed that dry calyx of roselle quality changed during 3 months of storage. Water content of dry calyx of roselle in craft paper packaging at storage temperature of 25°C increased by 0.12% per day and at temperature of 35oC and 45°C decreased by 0.03% and 0.04% per day respectively. In plastic PP packaging, water content of roselle at storage temperature of 25°C and 35°C increased by 0.06% and 0.04% per day respectively, while at 45°C it decreased by 0.03% per day. Total of acid titration of dry calyx of roselle in craft paper packaging at storage temperature of 25°C, 35°C, and 45°C decreased by 0.0007% per day, while in plastic PP at temperature of 25°C, 35°C, and 45°C decreased by 0.0008%, 0.0009%, and 0.0016% per day respectively. pH of dry calyx of roselle in craft paper packaging at storage temperature of 25°C, 35°C, and 45°C decreased by 0.0004% per day, while in plastic PP packaging at 25°C, 35°C, and 45°C, it decreased by 0.0003%, 0.0004%, and 0.0005% per day respectively. Vitamin C of dry calyx of roselle at storage temperature of 25°C, 35°C, and 45°C in craft paper packaging decreased by 0.0072%, 0.0136%, and 0.0142% per day respectively, while in plastic PP, it decreased by 0.0096%, 0.0161%, and 0.0166% per day respectively. Total soluble solid of dry calyx roselle in craft paper at 25°C, 35°C, and 45°C of storage temperatures increased by 0.0061%, 0.0067%, and 0.0077% per day respectively. In plastic PP, total soluble solid of dry calyx roselle at storage temperature of 25°C, 35°C, and 45°C increased by 0.0060%, 0.0071%, and 0.0076% per day respectively. During 3 months of storage, there was no mould found in dry calyx of roselle. There was no panelists refusal at assessment of common acceptance attribute of dry and extract calyx of roselle until 91 days of storage. Vitamin C content in the early condition of storage of dry calyx of roselle is 287.43 mgs/100 grams material. Based on vitamin C parameter with its critical point of 1 mg/100 grams, shelf life of dry calyx of roselle in craft paper packaging at storage temperature of 25°C is 24.02 months, at 35°C is 16.82 months, and at 45°C is 12.05 months. In plastic PP packaging, at storage temperature of 25°C, shelf life of dry calyx of roselle is 18.19 months, at 35°C is 13.69 months, and at 45°C is 10.49 months. Thereby, better packaging to maintain the quality of dry calyx of roselle is craft paper.