Kajian Optimasi Proses Pirolisis Tongkol Jagung untuk Produksi Asap Cair

Abstract

Corn is usually used as food, feed, and also raw materials for industries. The increasing of annual corn consumption’s impact on the increasing of its biomass, especially the corn cobs. These corn cobs, as raw materials, are still not used optimally yet. Corn cobs can be used as main raw materials for smoke liquid through pyrolysis. But, optimal temperature condition and catalyst concentration added are still unknown to create maximal liquids. The aim of this research is to understand the influence of temperature and catalyst concentration in pyrolysis process to its yield. Getting its surface response from factors of temperature and catalyst concentration and its optimum condition of pyrolysis process become the other objective of this research. Setting up the temperature and catalyst added treatment is based on Response Surface Methods (RSM). Center point is set based on previous research done by Choiriyah (2010). Temperature that used is of 4500C-6500C (-1, +1 point) and atapulgit that added is 1-2% (-1, +1 point). The result then be analyzed by SAS 9.1 to get optimal yield treatment. The liquid components are identified by GC MS and the raw material decomposition are fixed by fiber and silica proportion test. Optimum result is shown on center point, 10.01, that 22. 225 gram liquids and 32.93 gram ashes are resulted on 5500C and 1.5% catalyst added. As high the temperature, as low ashes would be resulted, as high the weigh loss value, and as low lignocelluloses value. Silica value increase together with catalyst adding. GC MS analysis shows the component of aldehydes, phenol, ketones, hydrocarbon, and furan as the result. That compounds can be used as food additives, such as preservatives, antioxidant, and flavor. The most component variation set on 5500C with the adding of 0.79% catalyst, which resulted in phenol, aldehydes, acids, alcohols, ketones, and hydrocarbons.