Pengaruh Jenis dan Konsentrasi Emulsifier terhadap Kestabilan dan Sifat Reologi Emulsi Oil in Water Minyak Sawit Merah

Abstract

Oil in water (o/w) emulsion are a system where an oil is dispersed in an aqueous phase. Preliminary study was fractionation of red palm oil. This process was hold at 60°C for 10 minutes to obtain olein which used as raw material of oil in water emulsion. Futhermore, an optimal oil in water emulsion formulation was selected from the best water and oil ratio that was blended with several concentration of emulsifier. The ratio of water and oil were 6:4, 7:3, 7,5:2,5 and 8:2. This study used Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), Arabic gum and Tween 80 as emulsifier in various concentrates. The result showed that Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) at 0,55%, 0,60%, 0,65% and 0,70% (w/v) of concentration combined with 6:4 water and oil ratio was optimal o/w emulsions formulation. The optimal formulation were evaluated for emulsion stability (colour, carotene content and droplet size distribution) and rheology properties. The result of emulsion stability indicated that 0,65% and 0,70% (w/v) of CMC concentrations were stabilized. The rheology properties showed that all of optimal o/w emulsions formulation behaved as pseudoplastic (non-newtonian). This study indicated that viscosity of o/w emulsion was significantly affected by heat. However, the stirring on viscosity of o/w emulsions effect could be ignored. Based on stability and rheology evaluation, 0,65% (w/v) of CMC concentration was the best formulation for oil in water red palm oil emulsion.