Kajian Pengeringan Mikroenkapsulat Minyak Sawit Merah dengan Pengering Rak

Abstract

Microencapsulation is a process for covering a component or a mixture of components with the other materials. The objective of this research is to study the emulsification and drying process of red palm oil emulsion to produce microencapsulated product with efficient production process. In this research, the coating materials used to form the emulsion of red palm oil are maltodextrine, gelatine, and carboxymethylcellulose (CMC). The good emulsification process can be achieved by homogenization of coating materials in 8 minutes and emulsion homogenization in 27 minutes, with the highest emulsion stability with the smallest creaming index (2.58%) and the smallest fat globule (20-60 μm). Tray dryer needed 25 minutes for preheating. The racks that can be used in the drying process are rack 2, 3, 4, and 5. The drying process must be conducted until the product has moisture content in 2 %db (dry basis). The position of the racks and the thickness of the emusion affected the drying time, the moisture content and the drying rate. The analyzed results showed that the drying time to achieve moisture content 2 %db in the thickness of emulsion 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mm respectively are ± 3.57, ± 5.56, ± 7.30, and ± 11.40 hours. Based on these data, we can conclude that the thickness of the emulsion will lengthen the drying time and decrease the drying rate to achieve the same moisture content. Total weight that gained in the thickness of emulsion 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mm respectively are 72.42, 143.21, 266.65 and 343.79 g, while the yields obtained respectively are 22.61, 22.37, 28.67 and 28.13%. The recommendations thickness which produces the good drying process parameters was 1.5 mm.