Kapasitas Antioksidan Bawang Dayak (Eleutherine palmifolia) dalam Bentuk Segar,Simplisia dan Keripik, pada Pelarut Nonpolar, Semipolar dan Polar

Abstract

Bawang dayak (Eleutherine palmifolia) is a red bulb plant from Central Kalimantan, which has bioactive compounds such as phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, glycosides and tannins. The existence of bioactive compounds become parameter of antioxidant activity of this red bulb. The study showed antioxidant capacity of bawang dayak in fresh form, simplisia (dried) form and chips form, which were extracted by the solvent hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol, ethanol and water. Antioxidant capacity was measured by DPPH method and rancimat method. Phytochemical screening was conducted to determine the bioactive compounds of bawang dayak in each form for every solvent. Based on DPPH method, bawang dayak in fresh form was extracted with ethyl acetate had the highest antioxidant capacity value that is 227.0% equal to 1.02 mg AEAC/mg extract. Simplisia form which was extracted with ethanol had antioxidant capacity value 51.8% equal to 0.21 mg AEAC/mg extract. Chips form was extracted with ethylacetate and ethanol had the highest antioxidant capacity values 57.5% and 46.5% which were equal to 0.24 mg AEAC/ mg extract and 0.18 mg AEAC/ mg extract. The induction time of ethylacetate fresh extract, ethanol simplisia extract and ethylacetate chip extract based on measurement with rancimat method, were 3.7 hours, 2.8 hours and 2.6 hours. All of extract had higher induction time than tocoferol. Besides, the measurement of phenolic content resulted that methanol fresh extract, ethanol simplisia extract and methanol chip extract had 4.29 mg GAE/100 mg extract, 3.52 mg GAE/ 100 mg extract and 3.38 mg GAE/100 mg extract. Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) on fresh bawang dayak was quite high, reaching 61.5mg/100gram, whereas vitamin C on simplicia and chip were decreased, respectively 41.0 mg/100 gram and 22.0 mg/100gram due to the heating process. The Ethylacetate fresh extract contains of alkaloid , phenolic, flavonoids, triterpenoids, steroids and glycosides compounds, while the ethanol simplscia extract and ethylacetate chip extract contains of alkaloids, saponins, tannins, phenolics, flavonoids, triterpenoids, steroids and glycosides compounds.