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      Pengaruh Suhu Inlet dan Laju Pengumpanan pada Proses Spray Drying Skala Laboratorium terhadap Karakteristik Fisikokimia Enkapsulat Bunga Telang

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      Date
      2025
      Author
      ZAKIYYAH, MARYAM
      Kusnandar, Feri
      Hasbullah, Rokhani
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      Abstract
      Bunga telang (Clitoria ternatea Linn.) merupakan sumber pigmen antosianin yang tidak hanya dimanfaatkan sebagai pewarna alami, tetapi juga memiliki potensi sebagai antioksidan. Namun, stabilitas antosianin sangat dipengaruhi oleh faktor lingkungan seperti suhu, cahaya, dan pH, sehingga mudah terdegradasi dan mengalami kerusakan. Salah satu upaya untuk menjaga kestabilan antosianin adalah melalui proses enkapsulasi, salah satunya dengan metode spray drying. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh suhu inlet dan laju pengumpanan bahan terhadap karakteristik fisikokimia enkapsulat ekstrak bunga telang, sekaligus menentukan kombinasi optimal. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) faktorial dengan dua faktor, yaitu suhu inlet (145°C dan 165°C) dan laju pengumpanan bahan (8 dan 10 mL/menit). Respon yang diamati meliputi rendemen, kadar air, densitas curah, pH, kelarutan, intensitas warna, morfologi partikel, dan organoleptik. Perlakuan dengan suhu inlet 165°C dan laju pengumpanan bahan 10 mL/menit menghasilkan enkapsulat yang optimal terhadap kelarutan, pH, dan ?E parameter warna, dengan 3,118 mg/100g antosianin dan IC50 sebesar 16.262,89 ppm. Suhu inlet yang lebih tinggi secara signifikan meningkatkan kelarutan dan nilai a*, serta menurunkan rendemen, kadar air, densitas curah, pH, nilai L* dan b*. Laju pengumpanan bahan yang lebih tinggi meningkatkan kadar air dan kelarutan, serta menurunkan rendemen, pH, dan nilai L*, a*, dan b*.
       
      Butterfly pea flower (Clitoria ternatea Linn.) is a natural source of anthocyanin pigments, valued as natural colorants and for their antioxidant potential. Anthocyanins are highly sensitive to temperature, light, and pH, making them prone to degradation. One effective technique to enhance their stability is encapsulation, particularly through the spray drying method. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of inlet temperature and material feeding rate on the yield and physicochemical characteristics of encapsulated butterfly pea flower extract, as well as identify the optimal processing conditions. A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was employed, incorporating two factors: inlet temperature (145°C and 165°C) and material feeding rate (8 and 10 mL/min). Parameters observed included yield, moisture content, bulk density, pH, solubility, color intensity, particle morphology, and organoleptic. Treatment with an inlet temperature of 165°C and a material feeding rate of 10 mL/min produced optimal encapsulation for solubility, pH, and ?E color parameters, with 3.118 mg/100g anthocyanin and an IC50 of 16262.89 ppm. Higher inlet temperature significantly increased solubility and a* value, and decreased yield, moisture content, bulk density, pH, L* and b* values. Higher material feeding rate increased moisture content and solubility, and decreased yield, pH, and L*, a*, and b* values.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/169863
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      • UT - Food Science and Technology [3623]

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      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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