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      Pemanfaatan Kulit Singkong untuk Produksi Tepung Modifikasi: Pengaruh Perbedaan Starter dan Lama Fermentasi terhadap Mutu Tepung

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      Date
      2025
      Author
      Nugroho, Teresa Maria Judith Trianadewi
      Dewanti, Ratih
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      Abstract
      Limbah kulit singkong memiliki potensi untuk diolah menjadi serupa modified cassava flour (mocaf). Akan tetapi, kadar HCN yang tinggi dan terbatasnya referensi menjadi kendala dalam pemanfaatan limbah kulit singkong. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh jenis starter (ragi roti, ragi mocaf, dan ragi tapai) serta lama fermentasi (24, 48, dan 72 jam) terhadap mutu tepung kulit singkong modifikasi (TKSM). Evaluasi karakteristik fisikokimia TKSM dilakukan dengan menganalisis rendemen, kadar air, abu, protein, lemak, karbohidrat, HCN, derajat putih, dan profil gelatinisasi. Hasil analisis dibandingkan dengan SNI 7622:2011 untuk mocaf dan penelitian mocaf sebelumnya. Rendemen tertinggi (17,73%) diperoleh pada TKSM hasil fermentasi starter Ragi Roti dengan lama fermentasi 24 Jam. Seluruh sampel TKSM memiliki kadar air lebih rendah daripada syarat mocaf pada SNI 7622:2011 dan hanya sebagian sampel yang memiliki kadar abu sesuai persyaratan mocaf. TKSM memiliki kadar protein 0,81 – 1,57%; lemak 0,82 – 0,92%; karbohidrat 84,77 – 87,65%; viskositas puncak 2065 – 2703 cP; viskositas breakdown 915 – 1434 cP; 875 – 1396 cP; viskositas akhir 1994 – 3129 cP. TKSM dengan lama fermentasi 72 Jam memiliki kadar HCN < 10 mg/kg tetapi TKSM yang dihasilkan memiliki nilai derajat putih yang lebih rendah dari persyaratan SNI mocaf. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa TKSM memiliki karakteristik yang berbeda dari tepung mocaf umbi singkong. Pembuatan SNI untuk tepung kulit singkong modifikasi dapat menjadi pertimbangan.
       
      Cassava peel can be processed into cassava peel modified flour (CPMF), but the high HCN content and limited literature references set challenges in its utilization. This study aims to evaluate the effect of starter types (starters of bread, modified cassava flour (mocaf), and tapai) and fermentation durations (24, 48, and 72 hours) on the quality of CPMF. Analysis of the physicochemical characteristics of CPMF includes yield, moisture content, ash, protein, fat, carbohydrates, HCN, whiteness degree, and gelatinization profile. The analysis results were compared to SNI 7622:2011 for mocaf and other studies on mocaf. The highest yield (17.73%) was obtained in CPMF made with bread starter culture at 24 hours of fermentation. All samples had moisture content lower than mocaf requirement in SNI 7622:2011, and only some CPMF met the ash content requirement for mocaf The resulting CPMF had protein content from 0.81%-1.57%, fat 0.82%-0.92%, carbohydrates 84.77%-87.65%, peak viscosity 2065-2703 cP, breakdown viscosity 915-1434 cP, and final viscosity 1994-3129 cP. CPMF fermented for 72 hours had HCN levels < 10 mg/kg, but all samples had whiteness degree lower than that of SNI. It is concluded that CPMF shows different characteristics as compared to mocaf from cassava tuber. The establishment of a new Indonesian National Standard (SNI) for CPMF may be considered.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/161131
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      • UT - Food Science and Technology [3631]

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