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      Pengaruh Metode Pengeringan dan Lama Perebusan terhadap Kapasitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Teh Daun Bidara Arab (Ziziphus spina-christi)

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      Date
      2022
      Author
      Salsabella, Hasna Farah
      Prangdimurti, Endang
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      Abstract
      Tanaman bidara arab (Ziziphus spinachristi) mengandung beberapa senyawa fitokimia yang terdapat pada daun bidara arab yaitu alkaloid, fenol, flavonoid, saponin, kuercetin, terpenoid, dan tanin. Senyawa tersebut memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang tinggi yang berdampak pada aktivitas antikanker, antiinflamasi, hipolipidemik. Pengolahan daun bidara biasa dilakukan dengan perebusan daun segar atau perebusan serbuk teh daun. Serbuk teh daun bidara arab memiliki umur simpan yang lebih panjang dibandingkan daun segar. Dalam penelitian ini, daun segar dikeringkan dengan 2 cara yaitu rumah kaca dan penjemuran dengan bantuan kipas angin. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengkaji pengaruh jenis daun bidara arab (daun segar, serbuk daun hasil pengeringan rumah kaca, serbuk daun hasil pengeringan penjemuran dengan bantuan kipas angin) dan lama perebusan daun (5, 10 dan 15 menit) dengan air mendidih (98°C) terhadap kapasitas antioksidan sari daun bidara arab. Analisis kimia yang dilakukan yaitu kadar air, kapasitas antioksidan (metode DPPH), total fenolik, total flavonoid, dan total tanin. Pada penelitian ini, daun bidara arab yang dikeringkan dengan rumah kaca diperoleh karakteristik fisik (warna) dan kimia (kapasitas antioksidan dan total fenolik) yang lebih baik. Hasil analisis ragam menunjukkan bahwa jenis daun dan lama perebusan daun bidara arab memberikan pengaruh yang nyata (α<0.05) terhadap kapasitas antioksidan, total fenolik, total flavonoid dan total tanin. Ekstrak hasil perebusan serbuk daun pengeringan rumah kaca menghasilkan kapasitas antioksidan, total fenol, total flavonoid, dan total tannin yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan ekstrak hasil perebusan daun segar maupun serbuk hasil pengeringan penjemuran dengan bantuan kipas angin. Perlakuan terbaik didasarkan pada nilai aktivitas antioksidan tertinggi, diperoleh pada serbuk daun pengeringan rumah kaca dengan lama perebusan 10 menit.
       
      The bidara arab plant (Ziziphus spinachristi) contains several phytochemical compounds found in bidara arab leaves, namely alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, saponins, quercetin, terpenoids, and tannins. The compound has a high antioxidant activity that has an impact on anticancer, anti-inflammatory, hypolipidemic activity. The processing of bidara leaves is usually done by boiling fresh leaves or boiling leaf tea powder. The tea powder of bidara arab leaves has a longer shelf life than fresh leaves. In this study, fresh leaves were dried in 2 ways, namely greenhouse and wind drying. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of bidara arab leaf type (fresh leaves, leaf powder from greenhouse drying, leaf powder from dry dry drying wind) and the duration of leaf boiling (5, 10 and 15 minutes) with boiling water (98 °C) on the antioxidant capacity of bidara arab leaf juice. The chemical analysis carried out is water content, antioxidant capacity (DPPH method), total phenolics, total flavonoids, and total tannins. The chemical analysis carried out is water content, antioxidant capacity (DPPH method), total phenolics, total flavonoids, and total tannins. Based of this study, the leaves of bidara arab dried with greenhouses obtained better physical (color) and chemical characteristics (antioxidant capacity and total phenolic). The results of the variety analysis showed that the type of leaf and the duration of boiling of bidara arab leaves had a noticeable influence (α<0.05) on antioxidant capacity, total phenolics, total flavonoids and total tannins. Extracts from boiling greenhouse drying leaf powders produce higher antioxidant capacity, total phenols, total flavonoids, and total tannins than extracts from boiling fresh leaves and powders from dry dry drying. The best treatment is based on the highest value of antioxidant activity, obtained on greenhouse drying leaf powder with a boiling duration of 10 minutes.
       
      URI
      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/112270
      Collections
      • UT - Food Science and Technology [3623]

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