Hubungan antara Indeks Taikan Pesisir (Coastal Upwelling) dengan Suhu Permukaan Laut dan Konsentrasi Klorofil-a dari Citra Satelit

Abstract

Monsoonal upwelling generally occurred along the coasts of South Java to West Sumatera. Upwelling study has been done, however the study of upwelling index using data derived from satellite censor are less. The aim of this research was to study the relationship between upwelling index, sea surface temperature (SST) and chlorophyll-a concentration from satellite censor. SST and chlorophyll-a data was obtained from 3rd level of Aqua-MODIS satellite censor, wind data derived from Quickscat satellite censor, anomaly of mean sea level (MSL) derived from altimetry on July 2002 to June 2011. Formula of Coastal upwelling index (UI) derived from Bakun. Statistical analysis was used to describe the relationship of SST and chlorophyll-a to UI. Research was conducted in South of Java to West of Sumatera that divided by 17 observation sites. The result of this study show that the occurrence of upwelling in South of Java to West of Sumatera was in May to October coincide perfectly with the descend of SST (24.64-25.98 °C) and anomaly of MSL (-0.01 - -0.28 m), meanwhile the concentration of chlorophyll-a is increase (1.07 - 8.34 mg m-3). The highest distribution of UI was found in observation site number 7 (-557.79 m3 s-1/100m coastline) and number 8 (-558.84 m3 s-1/100m coastline), and the lowest was found in observation site number 1 (-3.30 m3 s-1/100m coastline). The highest distribution of UI occurred on August to September. The highest UI occurred in 2006 and the lowest in 2010. Statistical analysis show that the SST give a strong relationship to UI (r=0.83) in observation site number 17 and the middle relationship occurred in observation site number 1 (r=0.52). Chlorophyll-a gives the strong relationship to UI respectively (r=0.77) in observation site number 15 and the middle occurred in observation site number 5 (r=0.50).