Aplikasi Iradiasi Gamma (60Co) untuk Mereduksi Senyawa Akrilamida pada Keripik Pisang dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Karakteristik Produk

Abstract

Acrylamide is classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) as group 2A: probably carcinogenic to humans. It is potentially formed in significant amount when a food product containing sugar and asparagine as acrylamide precursors is processed in high temperature such as frying and baking process. Banana chips are widely consumed in Indonesia and potentially contain acrylamide due to the high temperature processing and acrylamide precursor content. The objective of this research is to reduce acrylamide content in banana chips by using gamma irradiation technique. Five doses of gamma irradiation (0, 5, 10, 15, and 25 kGy) were applied on banana chips. The acrylamide content was analyzed by using commercial ELISA Kit. Results showed that irradiation by 5, 10, 15, and 25 kGy reduced acrylamide content in banana chips from 506.34 ng/g (in control) to 455.99 ng/g, 373.66 ng/g, 294.34 ng/g, and 130.78 ng/g, respectively. These acrylamide reductions were 9.95, 26.20, 41.87, and 74.17% for irradiation doses of 5, 10, 15, and 25 kGy, respectively. Sensory analysis results showed that irradiated banana chips with doses of 0, 5, 10, 15 and 25 kGy had overall value 9.78, 8.77, 8.57, 7.32, and 6.43, respectively indicating there was a decrease of consumer acceptance with the increase of radiation doses. In view of the color properties, gamma irradiation affected significantly the color of banana chips. Irradiated banana chips were darker than non-irradiated banana chips. Objectively, CIE L* and b* values of irradiated banana chips were significantly different (p<0.05) compared to those of control. This study revealed that irradiation with a dose of 10 kGy was the most appropriate method to reduce acrylamide content in banana chips since it did not change significantly in terms of physical and sensory properties.