Identification of The Character Impact Flavor Compounds of Aromatic Rice (Oryza myristica L.) Native Indonesia

Abstract

Consumers prefer aromatic rice because of its pleasant aroma when it is eaten. Study on the aroma components of Indonesian aromatic rice is still limited. The objective of this study was to evaluate the composition of aroma components in aromatic rice (varieties of Pandan Wangi Garut, Pandan Wangi Cianjur, and Rojolele) and non-aromatic rice (IR-64) and to identify the character impact compounds of aromatic rice in the variety Pandan Wangi Garut by Aroma Extract Dilution Analysis (AEDA) method. The aroma components of non aromatic rice (IR-64) were also analyzed to compare the composition results. The aroma component of aromatic and non aromatic rice were extracted using Simultaneously Distillation Extraction (SDE) Likens Nickerson method and were analyzed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and Gas Chromatography-Olfactometry (GC-O). The number of aroma components identified in aromatic rice was vary between 17 to 48 compounds, whereas non aromatic rices had 17 compounds. Their chemical classes are aldehides, alcohols, heterocyclic compounds, esters, hydrocarbons, ketones and carboxylic acids. The difference between aromatic and non aromatic rice was the occurence of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline and the concentration of hexanal, 1-pentanol, acetophenone, 1-octen-3-ol, (E,E)-2,4-decadienal and 2-penthylfuran. Their similarity was the concentration of ethyl acetate. The character impact compounds of aromatic rice Pandan Wangi Garut were 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline, which has sweet, pleasant, pandan aroma, and ethyl acetate which has a caramel and fruity aroma.