Condensed Tannin Effects on Nitrogen Digestion in Ruminants: A Meta-analysis from in Vitro and in Vivo Studies

Abstract

Statistical meta-analysis approach was conducted to quantify the eff ect of a wide range of dietary condensed tannin (CT) concentration on nitrogen digestion in ruminants. A total of 19 studies from published papers and own previously unpublished studies comprising of 100 treatments were pooled in a database. The database was segregated into two categories based on different methods or systems where the experiments were carried out, i.e. in vitro (6 studies, 65 treatments) and in vivo experiments (13 studies, 35 treatments). Mixed model eff ects were applied to the data; diff erent studies were treated as random eff ects whereas dietary CT (continuous predictor variable) was treated as fi xed effects. The results showed that in the in vitro studies, organic matter digestibility (OMD) decreased linearly (P=0.002) as CT concentration in feed increased. Likewise, such linear decrease of OMD at increasing CT was observed in the in vivo studies (P<0.001) as well as crude protein digestibility (CPD, P<0.001). The variation on in vitro OMD was higher at lower level of CT. Nitrogen retention was not signifi cantly aff ected by CT level. It was concluded that CT reduced nutrient digestibility in ruminants, but its eff ect on N retention was unclear from the present study.