Status Gizi dan Faktor Risiko Pasien Kanker Kolorektal di RS Kanker Dharmais: Case Control Study

Abstract

Kanker kolorektal menempati urutan keempat jenis kanker yang sering terjadi di Asia. Kanker kolorektal dapat disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor risiko. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis faktor risiko kanker kolorektal dan status gizi pada pasien kanker kolorektal di RS Kanker Dharmais. Desain penelitian ini merupakan case control study dengan jumlah subjek 74 orang, yang terbagi dalam dua kelompok yaitu kelompok kasus dan kontrol yang masing-masing berjumlah 37 subjek. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari-April 2025 melalui wawancara dan pengisian kuesioner. Hasil analisis bivariat menggunakan chi-square dan regresi logistik menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan signifikan (p<0,05) pada usia, kebiasaan merokok, konsumsi kopi, dan aktivitas fisik terhadap kejadian kanker kolorektal. Hasil analisis multivariat dengan uji regresi logistik berganda menunjukkan bahwa usia (OR=8,255; 95% CI 2,240-30,422; p=0,002), konsumsi kopi 2-3 cangkir/hari (OR=0,054; 95% CI 0,005-0,566; p=0,017); 1 cangkir/hari (OR=3,005; 95% CI 0,732-12,344; p=0,017); <1 cangkir/hari (OR=1,891; 95% CI 0,280-12,771; p=0,017), dan aktivitas fisik (OR=4,122; 95% CI 1,182-14,373; p=0,026) merupakan faktor risiko kejadian kanker kolorektal.

Colorectal cancer ranks as the fourth most common type of cancer in Asia. It can be caused by various risk factors. This study aims to analyze the risk factors of colorectal cancer and the nutritional status of colorectal cancer patients at Dharmais Cancer Hospital. The research design was a case-control study involving 74 participants, divided into two groups: 37 in the case group and 37 in the control group. The study was conducted from February to April 2025 through interviews and questionnaire administration. Bivariate analysis using chi-square and logistic regression tests revealed significant differences (p<0.05) in age, smoking habits, coffee consumption, and physical activity in relation to colorectal cancer incidence. Multivariate analysis using multiple logistic regression showed that age (OR=8.255; 95% CI: 2.240–30.422; p=0.002), coffee consumption of 2–3 cups/day (OR=0.054; 95% CI: 0.005–0.566; p=0.017); 1 cup/day (OR=3.005; 95% CI: 0.732 12.344; p=0.017); <1 cup/day (OR=1.891; 95% CI: 0.280–12.771; p=0.017), and physical activity (OR=4.122; 95% CI: 1.182–14.373; p=0.026) were identified as risk factors for colorectal cancer.